We report a rare limb defect named as fibular aplasia, tibial campomelia, and oligosyndactyly (FATCO) syndrome in a female monozygotic twin with a normal twin sister, presented with anterior tibia pseudarthrosis, oligosyndactyly, and pes equinovarus. Radiographic examination displayed the absence of left fibulae, anterolateral pseudarthrosis of left tibia, and the absence of some metatarsus and phalangeal bones. Our case report is the first to report that only one of the identical twins was affected by FATCO syndrome, which is a significant finding because the pathogenicity of FATCO syndrome is yet to be identified, and this clinical case may provide a new insight for discovering the etiology of FATCO syndrome.

This paper describes the experimental performance of the bolted stiffened end-plate (BSEP) and bolted flange-plate (BFP) connections using European hot-rolled profiles and built-up profiles. Four connections are designed and constructed according to FEMA-350 and are performed under cyclic loading. The influence of using different member profiles (European profiles and built-up profiles) in both the BSEP and BFP connections are examined. The obtained test results, including failure modes, hysteretic curves, ultimate moment and rotation values and panel zone extensions were reported and the performance of different connections is compared. It was found out, based on the obtained test results, that using hot-rolled or builtup profiles in the connection does not affect its global behavior.

Post-Northridge welded connections are widely used in engineering projects as lateral-force-resisting systems. In this study, we aim to assess the cyclic performance of the post-Northridge welded connections to compare the connections with each other. For this purpose, we focus on Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Web (WUF-W), Welded Flange Plate (WFP) and Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections. ANSYS Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software is used to do this investigation and evaluate the adequacy of the numerical analysis through an experimental specimen from the literature. Welded connections are designed according to ANSI 358-10 and FEMA-350 using the same material properties, beam spans, and steel profiles so on to make comparison possible. Material and geometry nonlinearities are adequately considered and also hexahedral solid elements are used in three-dimensional FEA. Based on the analyses subjected to cyclic loading, the performance of the connections are compared in terms of failure modes, plastic hinge locations, hysteretic curves, energy dissipation capacities, hysteretic equivalent viscous damping ratio and initial rotational stiffness values. The results showed that using WFP provides high stiffness in a connection while using RBS provides high safety in a connection.

Background: According to American Cancer Society, an estimated 268,600 new cases of invasive breast cancer was diagnosed among women, and nearly 50,000 women were under age 50 years. Therefore, the identification of young age breast cancer patients can have a collosal impact on treatment, and medical follow-up. The present study aimed to understand the young age breast cancer pathophysiology and redound new BRCA variants to literature. Methodology: This was a double-centre study performed in the Medical Genetics Department of Kahramanmaras Necip Fazıl City Hospital. In this study, sixty female patients, who are under 45 years old, diagnosed with primer breast cancer in the oncology clinic of the same hospital and Kahramanmaraş Sutcu İmam University were included. The patients were selected for BRCA mutation testing based on NCCN Guideline Version 3.2019 BRCA1/2 Testing Criteria. Relatives who meet the same criteria from the same family were not included to prevent repetition. Patients with known other cancer syndromes were also excluded. Results: We found that Luminal-B type breast cancer was the most frequent subtype (p < 0.001), patients with Luminal-A subtype breast cancer had significantly smaller tumor size and smaller grade than those had other subtypes of breast cancer at diagnosis stage (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively). Regarding tumor localization, the breast carcinomas were mostly localized in the right breast (53.3%). Two patients (3.3%) had BRCA1 pathogenic mutation and five patients (8.3%) had BRCA2 pathogenic mutation. Additionally, we found two new variations in BRCA2 gene (c.478_488delGTATGTGGGAG and c.8830 A>T (rs4987047). All BRCA1/2 MLPA results were normal. Conclusion: The incidence of young age breast cancer varies among countries, and it is higher in developing countries. Understanding of young age breast cancer cases will be helpful to provide suitable treatment options and will help to reduce the death rate of these patients.

ÖZETBu çalışma, monotonik yükleme altında sonlu elemanlar analizleri gerçekleştirilen alın levhalı bulonlu birleşimlerde, alın levhası kalınlığı değişimi ile panel bölgesi güçlendirmesinin etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, literatürden alınan iki adet alın levhalı bulonlu birleşimin sonlu elemanlar analizi yapılmış ve literatürdeki sonuçları ile bu çalışmadaki sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise, literatürden alınan bu birleşimlerdeki alın levhası kalınlığının arttırılmasının ve panel bölgelerinin güçlendirilmesinin etkileri incelenmiştir. Panel bölgesini güçlendirmek için diyagonal koyulmuş levha veya kolon gövdesi takviye levhası kullanılmıştır. Birleşimlerdeki bulonlar öngerilmeli olup, analiz için konsol kiriş ucuna monotonik olarak yer değiştirme uygulanmıştır. Analizlerde doğrusal olmayan malzeme ve geometri değişimi dikkate alınmıştır. Ayrıca, kolon, kiriş, bulon, levha gibi parçalar arasındaki temaslar, doğrusal veya doğrusal olmayan durum olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Birleşimler, kuvvet taşıma kapasitesi, moment -dönme eğrisi, panel bölgesindeki şekil değiştirmeler ve bulon çekme kuvvetleri bakımından birbirleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan incelemelere göre, panel bölgesinin güçlendirilmesi kolondaki panel bölgesinin şekil değiştirmesinin azalmasına fakat kiriş başlıklarının ve gövdesinin daha erken burkulmasına ve dönme kapasitelerinin azalmasına neden olmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Alın levhalı bulonlu birleşim, panel bölgesi güçlendirmesi, sonlu eleman analizi, doğrusal olmayan analiz THE EFFECT OF REINFORCING PANEL ZONE OF BOLTED END PLATE COLUMN BEAM CONNECTIONS ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to assess the efficiency of changing thickness of end plate and reinforcing panel zone in bolted end plate column-beam connections that are performed by finite element analyses under monotonic loading. In the first phase of the study, finite element analyses of two bolted end plate connections which were taken from literature were performed and the experimental results from the literature and the numerical results of the present study were compared. In the second phase, effects of increasing the end plate thickness and the effects of reinforcing panel zone of connections, taken from the literature, were investigated. To reinforce the panel zone, diagonal braces or column web doubler plates were used. Pretensioned bolts were used in connections and monotonic displacement loading are applied to end of cantilever beam. Material and geometry nonlinearities were considered in the analyses. The linear or nonlinear contacts between connection parts such as column, beam, bolt and plate were considered. Connections were evaluated in terms of loading capacity, moment -rotation curve, plastic strain distributions of panel zone and bolt tension forces. The results reveal that reinforcing panel zone causes the plastic strains of column panel zone to decrease but resulting in earlier buckling of beam flange and beam web and reductions in the rotational capacity of the connection.