Background: Human lifestyles, including sedentary activities, obesity, and smoking, are associated with a high risk of non-communicable diseases that are a leading cause of death globally. Accordingly, health promotion should be done as early as possible in the adolescent period. Aims: This study explores the efficacy of a peer-educator program in promoting the healthy habits of adolescents, via an existing Indonesian community initiative program called ‘POSBINDU’ (Integrated Counseling Post), led by the general practitioners. Methods: Twenty-week ‘experiential learning’ approach with mixed-method was designed to: 1) Train 10 GP trainers, 2) Recruit and observe the 10 group-1 and 50 group-2 peer-educators in a high school; 3) Develop modules on health lifestyles by the GPS and peer-educators, and 4) Implement the POSBINDU program at the high school. Results: Both GPs and students’ perceptions significantly increased before to after the intervention ( p > 0.05). The participants also expressed they experienced increased comprehension of NCDs and the importance of healthy habits. Conclusions: The existing POSBINDU community's initiative program can potentially be improved by appropriate interventions to empower school students towards better healthy habits to prevent the early progression of NCDs.

This study aimed to translate and adapt the Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC) version 3.5 into Indonesian version (ACIC-ID) and examine its validity and reliability as a practical tool for quality care measurement. A 3-phase process according to the World Health Organization Guideline for Instruments Translation and Adaptation was followed: (1) translation process by independent translators and adaptation by multidisciplinary expert panel review, (2) pretesting and face validity followed by cognitive interviewing with 10 general practitioners, and (3) final testing on 31 general practitioners for internal consistency and item-total correlation analysis. As a result, the content of ACIC-ID and the original version were conceptually equivalent. This version achieved excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α 0.97), and item-total correlation was high (Pearson’s r > 0.30) for the majority of items. The findings indicate that ACIC-ID is valid and reliable to identify areas that need to be improved in increasing the quality of chronic care.

This study aims to explore patient and nurse perceptions of patient safety to increase patient engagement so that patients can be aware of patient safety in the Hospital Hemodialysis Unit. This research method uses qualitative methods of conducting in-depth interviews with patients and medical personnel. The results of this study indicate that overall the patients said they were satisfied with the services provided; this was evidenced by the patient feeling very well known by the medical staff, both nurses and doctors. In conclusion, this kinship relationship is highly valued by the patient and accompanying family so that patients can be open to medical personnel so that effective communication can be well established.   Keywords: Hemodialysis, Patient Engagement, Patient Safety

To cite this article: Mutmainah A, Kusnanto H, Hilman O. The effect of family apgar score on depression rate in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at firstlevel health facilities. Rev Prim Care Prac and Educ. 2018; 1(2):ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of degenerative diseases. The prevalence of DM is increasing from year after year. The uncontrolled blood sugar level is associated with the incidence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, depression will increase the risk of micro and macrovascular complications, disability, and mortality. A functional family is needed for the successful treatment of T2DM patients. A family function assessment should be performed by a family physician as an effort to prevent the occurrence of depression. Family APGAR scores have been widely known among family medicine practitioners as a simple and fast tool for measuring the function of a family. Objectives: To determine the effect of family APGAR scores on the level of depression in patients with T2DM in first-level health facilities. Methods: This study is a quantitative analytic research with a cross-sectional design. A total of 98 T2DM patients as research subjects were measured using family APGAR score questionnaires. The result of the statistical analysis showed a significant effect of family APGAR scores on depression, with correlation strength (-0.364). Furthermore, the research subjects underwent measurement of the depression level by using the HAD (Hospital Anxiety and Depression) scale. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the effect of the family APGAR score and other factors on the level of depression. Results: Data collection from six first-level health facilities obtained 98 samples. Linear regression statistical analysis showed that there is a significant effect of family APGAR scores and age towards the level of depression with sig < 0.05 (0.000). Family APGAR scores and age contributed 10.6% in predicting the depression in the T2DM patient. Another 89.4% is explained by other factors which were not studied in this research. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of family APGAR scores and age on the level of depression in a T2DM patient in first-level health facilities.

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