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A ligand-anchored composite material was prepared for vanadium (V(ii)) ion capturing. The pH was found to be a key factor in both detection and removal operations. The composite material exhibited the high adsorption capacity of 492.61 mg g−1.

BackgroundDiagnostic meta-analyses on caries detection methods should assist practitioners in their daily practice. However, conventional meta-analysis estimates may be inapplicable due to differences in test conduct, applied thresholds and assessed population between settings. Our aim was to demonstrate the impact of tailored meta-analysis of visual and radiographic caries detection to different settings using setting-specific routine data.MethodsPublished systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the accuracy of visual and radiographic caries detection were used. In two settings (a private practice in Germany and a public health clinic in Egypt), routine data of a total of 100 (n = 50/practice) consecutive 12–14 year-olds were collected. Test-positive rates of visual and radiographic detection for initial and advanced carious lesions on occlusal or proximal surfaces of molars were used to tailor meta-analyses. If prevalence data were available, these were also used for tailoring.ResultsFrom the original reviews, 210 and 100 heterogeneous studies on visual and radiographic caries detection were included in our meta-analyses. For radiographic detection, sensitivity and specificity estimates derived from conventional and tailored meta-analysis were similar. For visual detection of advanced occlusal carious lesions, the conventional meta-analysis yielded a sensitivity and specificity (95% CI) of 64.6% (57–71) and 90.9% (88–93), whereas the tailored estimates for Egypt were 75.1% (70–81) and 84.9% (82–89), respectively, and 43.7% (37–51) and 96.5% (95–97) for Germany, respectively.ConclusionConventional test accuracy meta-analyses may yield aggregate estimates which are inapplicable to specific settings. Routine data may be used to produce a meta-analysis estimate which is tailored to the setting and thereby improving its applicability.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-018-0561-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.