combination on irradiated jaw bones in rats through radiographic assessment of the bone density and histopathologic examination of bone morphology. Forty male albino rats were divided randomly into 4 groups each of 10 rats. Group R represented the rats that received fractionated radiation dose (2 Gray per fraction) for one week. Groups LR, eR and LeR represented the rats that received L-Carnitine 300mg/kg via intra peritoneal injection, vitamin e 40mg/kg via intramuscular injection or both daily for five days and then exposed to fractionated radiation 2 Gray day after day for one week after the last treatment, respectively. Data revealed a significant improvement of mandibular bone density in the groups received L-Carnitine, vitamin e alone or in combination as compared to the gamma-irradiated group. moreover, the treated groups showed almost normal morphology of both mandibular bone and periodontal ligament in contrast to the gamma irradiated group where bone resorption and periodontal ligament degeneration and vacuolization were detected. In conclusion, gamma radiation had a deleterious effect on mandibular bone and periodontal ligament as indicated by decreased bone density and altered morphology. In addition, L-Carnitine and vitamin e treatment alone or in combination could, to a large extent, maintain the normal bone density and preserve the morphological architecture of mandibular bone and periodontal ligament.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate implant stability in partially edentulous patients by investigating the effect of systemic simvastatin administration on the bone regeneration around the dental implant. Patients and Methods: A total of 18 patients were divided into two groups. Group I:9 healthy patients underwent a one-stage titanium screw-type endosseous dental implant and Group П:9 patients on simvastatin therapy (20 mg daily) as a prophylaxis drug, underwent the same type of one stage titanium screw type of endosseous dental implant as the control group. Modified plaque index (MPI), Probing depth (PD) and Modified Gingival Index (MGI) were recorded. Implant stability was recorded immediately and after 6months. Results: Group II showed a higher mean implant stability (79.14±4.38) than group I (72.86±11.41) at 6 months with a non-significant difference Also, there is a nonsignificant difference of MPI, MGI, and PD between both groups after 3 and 6 months respectively. Conclusion:Simvastatin group showed higher implant stability than the control group.Simvastatin might have the ability to assist and enhance the osseointegration procedure for bone surrounding the dental implant.

Purpose:The aim of this research was to assess the effect of propolis and castor oil cement as pulpotomy materials on the stemness properties and osteogenic differentiation potential of stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED).Materials and methods: SHEDs were isolated from the pulp of five deciduous anterior teeth indicated for extraction. SHEDs were cultured with propolis and castor oil cement extracts. SHEDs cultured in MTA extracts and basal media were used as positive and negative controls respectively. Stemness properties of SHEDs were assessed in the form of proliferation, migration and the ability to enhance wound healing. Moreover, osteogenic differentiation potential of the isolated SHEDs was evaluated. Results: No significant statistical difference between propolis and castor oil cement regarding cell proliferation was detected. SHEDs cultured in Castor oil cement showed higher migration ability than those cultured in propolis. The ability to enhance the healing of the wound was more in castor oil cement group rather than in the propolis group. Finally, castor oil cement induced osteogenic differentiation while no formation of calcified nodules was noticed in the presence of propolis. Conclusions: Because of the limitation of the current research it was came to conclusion that Castor oil cement may have greater potentials as a pulpotomy material than propolis.

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Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of resin infiltration in treatment of young permanent teeth and to evaluate dental anxiety related to resin infiltration procedure and the time required. Material and methods: 22 Egyptian children ranging from 6-14 years of age were selected with at least 2 smooth surface white lesions (WSL), one on each side using split mouth design. Lesions were assigned in a random way into 2 groups; Group I, Group II. Group I: resin infiltration, Group II: fluoride varnish.Radiographic and Photographic records were taken before treatment, immediately after treatment and 12 months plus assessing the marginal adaptation and discoloration. A facial image scale (FIS) was recorded. The outcome data were recorded, tabulated, coded to be statistically analyzed. Results: by radiographic evaluation immediately after treatment and through the study period the difference was statistically significant in the mean of DSR and RD between groups in favor of group I. By the descriptive analysis the difference of mean of change in both marginal adaptation and discoloration was not a statistically significant. While group I, show increase in mean of marginal adaptation but did not reach to significance level. But within group II, the mean of discoloration has shown statistically significantly difference. Dental anxiety was low in both groups with no statistically significantly difference. Conclusion: Infiltration concept was bridging the gap between "wait and see"; it is a promising micro-invasive approach.