In Egypt, intersections are encountering congestion and safety problems. Midblock U-turns have been used for solving these problems. The midblock U-turn increased the accidents, besides, it has limited capacity. In the last decade, elevated U-turns have been applied to solve these problems. The extensive use of elevated U-turns has not been accompanied by any research for studying the performance of elevated U-turns with respect to safety and economy. This paper developed a simple framework for comparing elevated and traditional midblock U-turns in terms of safety and economy. The study applied a case study to evaluate the two alternatives using a benefit-cost analysis technique. Although the results show the high cost of the elevated U-turns, it has been demonstrated to be the best solution since they provide the greater traffic capacity and lower accident rates. Accident number reported at elevated U-turns was 59 % less than the number associated with traditional U-turns.

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has now a surge in popularity in treatment of morbid obesity patients. Multislice computed tomography has an increasing role in management of this patients' group through the availability and efficiency of post processing reconstructive facilities of MSCT software in 3D reconstruction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate MSCT-based volumetric assessment of stomach and gastric sleeves in patients before and after bariatric surgery and correlation between operative gastric volume reduction and body weight reduction. Methods: Thirty sleeve gastrectomy-candidate patients received abdominal MSCT immediately after oral administration of an ionic contrast agent solution. The examination was done pre and three months postoperatively. The gastric and sleeve volumes were measured via 3D volume rendering and 3D masks on dedicated workstations. Results: The correlation between the body weight and gastric volume measured initially in the preoperative state in the studied patients was found to be insignificant. The correlation between body weight reduction percentage and gastric volume reduction percentage in the studied patients was found to be also insignificant. Conclusion: MSCT allows crucial anatomical measurements and provides helpful information about the relation between gastric volume reduction and body weight reduction in sleeve gastrectomy-candidate obese patients.

In Egypt, urban planning projects usually do not consider the intersection type. This study developed charts for practitioners that could be used to determine the optimal intersection. The paper studied intersections including; signalized, roundabout, and two-way stop control. It provides a study for the intersection at the targeted level of service D. The traffic patterns were used to calculate the intersection’s capacity and the average control delay. The combinations of turning distribution, percent of heavy vehicles, and type of control were considered. The relationship among capacity, delay and traffic volume has been used to deduce the minimum required lane configuration for each intersection. The results indicated that the roundabout is the best alternative for intersection control with maximum capacity and minimum delays for medium traffic. However, signalized intersection is the best alternative at heavy traffic volumes and a high proportion of left-turning volume.