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Temperature, mono- and disaccharides affected lipids, biomass production as well as odd-chain and unsaturated fatty acids contents of Candida tropicalis. With various sugars as carbon sources at 30 degrees C, the order for biomass production was, galactose greater than glucose greater than sucrose greater than fructose greater than lactose, while lipids production/g biomass decreased as follows: galactose, glucose, sucrose, fructose and lactose. On the other hand, the odd-chain fatty acids contents decreased in the following order: fructose, sucrose, glucose and lactose. Lowering the temperature of cultivation to 15 degrees C, decreased biomass and lipids production. However, a notable decrease in odd-chain fatty acids contents was detected.

For utilization of lactose in salted and unsalted cheese whey, intergeneric protoplast fusion between lactose nonfermenting, salt-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC4126 and lactose fermenting Kluyveromyces lactis CBS683 was carried out. The fusion process gave rise to new hybrid yeast strains that revealed higher significant DNA contents than parental strains. The recombinants showed growth on either lactose or sucrose. The ethanol yields by some recombinants were 5.55% from sweet whey and 4.66% from salted whey containing up to 6% sodium chloride compared to 4.15 and 2.86% for parental K. lactis CBS683, respectively.

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