Premature ejaculation (PE) is by far the most common male sexual complaint, with millions of men affected all over the world. It is estimated that up to 20-30% of all men may be suffering from various forms of PE. A variety of filler materials are widely used nowadays for soft tissue augmentation. The appropriate filler can restore symmetry, volume and create a smooth skin surface The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of hyaluronic acid gel injection in patients with PE. Sixty men with self-reported PE who were referred to our outpatient andrology clinic (between January 2007 and January 2008) were included in this study. Participants were randomly assigned using random sampling numbers into two distinct groups. Group A (n = 30) received a single injection of 2 ml of hyaluronic acid gel (Hyalift 3.5% micronised hyaluronic acid) using the previously described fan technique. Group B (n = 30) received a single injection of 2 ml of hyaluronic acid gel using the multiple puncture technique. Twenty-three patients (46.9%) received injection by the fan technique, while 26 patients (53.1%) received it through the multiple-point technique. The mean intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) increased significantly from 2.12 ± 1.16 to 7.71 ± 7.86 min, after 1 month of injection and then dropped to 5.32 ± 3.52 min, but still remaining significantly higher than the baseline values. Results from our present pilot study demonstrated the usefulness of the application of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers in the treatment of PE; however, further investigations in large cohorts with longer follow-up are definitely needed to obtain more consistent results.

Introduction Priapism is rare-presenting feature in male patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Several hypotheses for pathogenesis have been described. Management has been controversial; some authors described resolution following priapism-specific interventions, and others recommended addition of CML-specific therapy or even CML-specific therapy alone. Aim In this report, we describe presentation and management of a man with refractory priapism that was the first presenting manifestation of CML. We also report, for the first time, the pathology sections of the sinusoidal tissue in such cases. Literature is reviewed for similar cases and their outcome. Methods A 21-year-old male patient presented with painful priapism that started 6 days earlier and failed aspiration–irrigation. CBC revealed marked leucocytosis. Oncology care diagnosed CML, and treatment with Imatinib was commenced with prior semen cryopreservation. Following remission, a penile prosthesis was implanted, assisted by optical corporotomy. Sinusoidal tissue biopsy was stained by hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) and CD34. Main Outcome Measures Pathology sections of cavernous tissue following CML-induced priapism. Results The penile implant survived without complications. H&E examination of the sinusoidal tissue biopsy revealed leukemic infiltration associated with vascular endothelial damage. CD34 staining showed the mixed picture of leukemic infiltrates, intact vascular endothelium with lumena showing leukemic cells, alternating with destroyed vessels, and no vascular lumena and ruminants of endothelial cells. Conclusion Priapism can be the first manifestation of previously undetected CML. The pathological picture of sinusoidal tissue in such cases is presented. In the case at hand, a complete blood picture was helpful in early diagnosis of CML and early initiation of targeted chemotherapy along with the corporal irrigation/aspiration or shunt surgery. It is therefore recommended to have a CBC examined at presentation of any case of ischemic priapism of unknown etiology, early initiation of CML therapy along with aspiration/irrigation, preferably cryopreserving a semen sample before CML therapy.

Lead causes male reproductive impairment among painters, but information is still limited. Therefore, the effect of lead on semen quality and reproductive endocrinal function in those patients was investigated. A case series of 27 infertile painters were subjected to semen analysis, measuring of blood lead level (PbB) and serum levels of endocrinal parameters including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL). Significantly lower sperm count and motility were found in those with duration of exposure (≥ 15 years), but no significant difference was found for PbB and serum levels of FSH, LH, PRL and T. A significant negative correlation between PbB and spermatic count and motility was observed, while there was no significant correlation between PbB and all endocrinal parameters. Patients with PbB ≥ 20 μg dl(-1) showed a significant decrease in sperm motility and increase in testosterone alone among all measured hormones. But the observed decrease in sperm count did not reach a significant level. It is concluded that infertile painters are at risk of lead-related influence on semen quality, especially sperm motility and increased testosterone level without significant affection of other reproductive endocrinal parameters.

Air compressors, a key fluid power technology, play an important role not only in industrial plants but also in office buildings, hospitals, and other types of facilities. The efficient use of the air compressor is crucial to control unnecessary inefficiencies that cause high energy consumption. This study aims to provide energy and exergy analysis on air compressors for different industries. Detailed case studies are also analyzed. The case study focuses on the energy and exergy analysis of the compressed air system of foundry industries. The results indicate that applying the six improvement recommendations yield significant amounts of energy and cost savings as well as significant improvements in the overall performance of the system. The payback periods for different recommendations are economically feasible and worthwhile to use. The suggested improvement methods can provide high costs with a low payback period.

By adopting different methods to the inlet of a zooplankton olfactometer, the current study investigates the effect of the energy of chemical flow on the Gnathiid isopod crustaceans predicted behavior. These are mobile external parasites of fishes that have a significant impact on the health of their hosts. They rely at least in part on olfactory cues to find the host fish. To better understand host-finding dynamics in these parasites, a study was conducted with the simulations as a blueprint for developing a 3-dimensional test apparatus similar to what has been used for studying olfactory orientation in insects. The simulated olfactometer has four legs, each leg forming an inlet where fluids are introduced into the flow domain. There is one outlet at the center of the device. A mixture of water and chemicals is presented by applying a multi-component system. The shear and chemical concentration distribution were conducted to see how fluid physics plays a role in creating a chemical landscape. Computational results show distinct regions separated by high chemical concentration gradients when introducing chemicals from one leg. Changing the fluid inflow from one common inlet to three inlets shows that the chemical distribution exhibits steeper gradients than the typical inlet case, depicting that the gradual chemical concentrations can drive the animal toward the target faster. The best behavior that gives higher chemical gradients is obtained through the study when using three sub-inlets and Schmidt number between 3 and 10.