Background: Colorectal cancer is the largest cause of mortality in patients admitted to any Gastroenterology units. Diagnostic colonoscopy is a valuable tool for the disease’s diagnosis and proper treatment but its compliance has been historically low. Our main objective was to find out social, cultural, and psychological barriers among those patients who finally did not show up for their colonoscopy appointment and, make a comparative analysis with those who did. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from October 2021 to March 2022, selecting 224 patients through consecutive sampling. Results: Out of the 224 patients included, males (48.2%) were more likely to show up for the procedure than females (51.8%) (p<0.05).  Overall, the most recurring barrier was a lack of knowledge with 116 (51.7%) for both the groups, but especially more for the non-compliant patients (p<0.05). Fear of results, fear of complications of the procedure, and affordability issues stood out as important differences between the compliant and non-compliant patients. Conclusion: For the country's healthcare to be able to overcome these problems, and enter an era where screening colonoscopy is a norm, mass education regarding the issue is imperative.

Papillary renal cell carcinoma comprises around 15% of all renal cell carcinomas. Patients are usually asymptomatic, and 25 percent of individuals have advanced locoregional disease at presentation. Papillary renal cell carcinoma presenting as a huge abdominal cystic mass is uncommon and is reported rarely in literature. We present a case of renal cell carcinoma presenting with abdominal pain, distention, and constipation. A retroperitoneal cystic lesion measuring 23.4×23.8 cm cyst was reported on ultrasonography as potential cause of the symptoms. We now talk about the case of a 57-year-old male who presented to us with abdominal pain, distension, and constipation. He also had a history of on and off low-grade fever for the last seven months. A computed topography (CT scan) of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous and oral contrast revealed a large retroperitoneal cystic mass extending from the left hypochondrium to the left kidney and into the pelvis crossing the midline. Internal calcific foci, enhancing septa, irregularly thickened walls and hyperdense nodules were also demonstrated. A radical left nephrectomy via a midline laparotomy was performed electively. The cystic mass was excised and the specimen was sent for histopathological evaluation which revealed papillary renal cell carcinoma with PAX-8 and CK-7 positivity. Patient made an uneventful recovery post-operatively and was discharged. Cystic tumors of renal origin can rarely present as a huge abdominal cystic mass confusing them for masses of intestinal or hepatic origin. Timely diagnosis can be made with a detailed history, examination, imaging studies and histopathology, and instigate timely intervention.

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Traumatic brain injury may be a significant consequence of head trauma, leading to potentially serious disability or death. Although the elderly are especially prone to head trauma due to falls, head injuries and falls related to alcohol use are also quite common and can be seen in younger and middle aged populations. Traumatic brain injury can cause multiple types of cerebral hemorrhagic lesions, which can occur simultaneously.These hemorrhagic lesions can progressively enlarge and cause further neurological deterioration, brainstem herniation, and death. This report highlights a young male with severe brain injury due to considerable alcohol consumption at a party who ultimately died from his injuries. This case report emphasizes the importance of recognizing and raising awareness of the significant role alcohol can play in head related injuries.