Roost switching is a common occurrence in bats, yet the causes and consequences of such behavior are poorly understood. In this study we explore the ecological correlates of roost fidelity in the tent‐making bat Artibeus watsoni, particularly focusing on the effect of sex, reproductive status, and roost availability using a three‐factor general linear model (GLM). We estimated roost fidelity of radio‐tracked individuals and found that the GLM was significant (R2 = 0.72, F10,34 = 8.91, p < 0.001). Significant interaction terms were observed for relative roost availability and sex (F4,34 = 16.96, p < 0.001), and relative roost availability and reproductive status (F6,34 = 7.62, p < 0.001), indicating that variation in roost fidelity among males and females, and among individuals under different breeding conditions, depended on relative roost availability at the site where they were radio‐tracked. Individuals in areas of high roost availability exhibited lower roost fidelity than those sampled in areas of lower roost availability. Females exhibited less roost fidelity than males for all roost availability categories, but the difference between males and females was only significant at high roost availability. The general pattern of decreased roost fidelity as roost availability increased was also prevalent among individuals in different breeding conditions. Additionally, satellite males exhibited higher roost fidelity than resident males in areas of low roost availability, and lactating females had higher roost fidelity than non‐breeding females in areas of medium roost availability. Our study thus demonstrates that sex, reproductive status, and roost availability all affect roost fidelity in the tent‐making bat A. watsoni, and also suggests that roost availability is the most important factor influencing roost fidelity in this bat, providing the first quantitative evidence that roost fidelity is correlated with roost abundance in a single species.

Bats can actively adjust their echolocation signals to specific habitats and tasks, yet it is not known if bats also modify their calls to decrease atmospheric attenuation. Here the authors test the hypothesis that individuals emit echolocation calls ideally suited to current conditions of temperature and humidity. The authors recorded two species, Molossus molossus and Molossops temminckii, in the field under different conditions of humidity and temperature. For each species, two calls were analyzed: the shorter frequency modulated (FM) signals that bats emitted as they approached the recording microphone, and the longer constant frequency (CF) calls emitted thereafter. For each signal, the authors extracted peak frequency and duration, and compared these parameters among species, call type, and environmental conditions. The authors' results show significant differences in peak frequency and duration among environmental conditions for both call types. Bats decreased the frequency and increased duration of CF calls as atmospheric attenuation increased; using a lower-frequency call may increase the range of detection by a few meters as atmospheric attenuation increases. The same trend was not observed for FM calls, which may be explained by the primary role of these signals in short-range target localization.

This paper describes a case study of international cooperation between an interdisciplinary team of researchers from the United States and Costa Rica in a project implemented to promote community development and pimary prevention in a small rural town located in the south Pacific region of Costa Rica. The community prevention process was implemented in three consecutive phases: entry into the community and consolidation of the research team, needs assessment, and development of local initiatives to address identified needs. Two primary prevention projects implemented by community residents to modify environmental risks factors illustrate the development process: a campaign to increase resjdents' awareness of water contamination and a campaign to improve garbage collection. A participatory model of prevention and commu-Yolanda Suarez-Balcazar is afiliated with Loyola University. Fabricio F. Balcazar is affiliated with UAP University of Illinois at Chicago. Marcia Quiros is affiliated with the University of Kansas. Marcos Chavez is affiliated with the Universidad de Costa Rica. Oscar @ i s is affiliated with Ministdo de Educacion y Cultura, Costa Rica. [Haworthcc-indexing m(ry note]: "A Case Study of Intcmatiolvl Cooperation for Community Dcvelcmnmt d R i m w Revedian in Cosu Rick" Slursr-BPkaur. Yolud. d . I . Co-rublished simul&ausly in~rcvcnfion in Hvmon Scrviccr (The Haworth Ress. Ln.) Vol . 12, N ; . 1. 1995. DO. 3.2% md: I N c n w l i o d A~~raochrr lo Prrwnn'on in M c N d ffcdlh Md H~M Servimr (cd: ~b b a E: Hers. Md Wolfgang The Hmorch Rcss. Lr.. 1995. pp. 3-23. Multiple copies d lhis slwklchqtu may be plrchrrsd fmm The H a m Document Delivery Cmtu [I-BOO-3-HAWORm 9:WJ am. -5:WJ p.m. (EST)].

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La mayoría de los trabajos analíticos sobre Edwin S. Porter se centran en torno a la importancia histórica de si es o no Porter el primero en lograr la edición paralela. Sin embargo, algunas de sus obras presentan una interpretación crítica de la realidad económica y política de los Estados Unidos. El caso más relevante es el de The Teddy Bears (1907) donde, a través de la combinación de una fábula popular y la imagen del presidente de Roosevelt, Porter crea una parodia política no solo de Roosevelt, sino de las aventuras de los Estados Unidos contra España, Cuba , Panamá y Puerto Rico durante el periodo 1898-1904. Como cámara para la compañía Edison, Porter vio la guerra en persona y podía tener algunas ideas que no fue capaz de comunicarlas en sus actualités o “documentales” de la guerra; sin embargo, la evidencia apunta a que él trató de hacerlo en su películas de ficción. De acuerdo con lo antes mencionado, el presente artículo relaciona la invasión de Cuba, Puerto Rico y Panamá por parte de los Estados Unidos con los eventos presentados en la pantalla por el “doble” del presidente Teddy Roosevelt y los tres osos a quienes matan, les roban y encadenan en esta obra corta de 1907. La correlación de eventos entre las intervenciones extranjeras de Theodore Roosevelt y los del cazador en The Teddy Bears (1907) son tan paralelas que es muy probable que fue intencionalmente planificado por Porter, dejando poco espacio para una mera coincidencia.