AgradecimientosQuiero agradecer al Dr. Vicente Samuel Fuertes-Miquel por haber sido mi director de tesis doctoral, en donde sentí su apoyo desde que inicié estos estudios en la Universitat Politècnica de València. También deseo agradecer a la Prof. Helena M. Ramos por su ayuda durante la estancia de investigación en la Universidad de Lisboa (Portugal).Gracias al apoyo incondicional de mi amada esposa Claudia Milena, quien estuvo conmigo durante todo este proceso apoyándome constantemente y motivándome a finalizar mis estudios de doctorado, y por supuesto a mi bebé Salomón por haberme cambiado la vida durante este proceso. De igual manera estoy muy agradecido por el amor de Mami Delcy, de hermani (Jairo Rafael) y de mi padre Jairo de Jesús (QEPD).Gracias al Dios Triuno (Padre, Hijo y Espíritu) por haberme brindado la capacidad para afrontar y terminar este reto. Valencia (España), Enero de 2019V This page is intentionally left blank. --VI AbstractThe analysis of transient phenomena during water filling operations in pipelines of irregular profiles has been studied much more compared to emptying maneuvers. In the literature, there is a lack of knowledge about mathematical models of emptying operations. This research starts with the analysis of a transient phenomenon during emptying maneuvers in single pipelines, which is a previous stage to understand the emptying operation in pipelines of irregular profiles. Analysis are conducted under two typical situations: (i) one corresponding to either the situation where there are no air valves installed or when they have failed due to operational and maintenance problems which represents the worse condition due to causing the lowest troughs of subatmospheric pressure, and (ii) the other one corresponding to the situation where air valves have been installed at the highest point of hydraulic installations to give reliability by admitting air into the pipelines for preventing troughs of subatmospheric pressure. Particularly, this research developed a mathematical model to predict the behavior of the emptying operations. The mathematical model is proposed for the two aforementioned situations. The liquid phase (water) is simulated using a rigid water column model (RWCM), which neglects the pipe and water elasticity given that the elasticity of the entrapped air pockets is much higher than the one from the pipe and the water. The air-water interface is simulated with a piston flow model assuming that the water column is perpendicular with the main direction of the flow. Gas phase is modeled using three formulations: (a) a polytropic model based on its energetic behavior, which considers an expansion of air pockets; (b) an air valve characterization to quantify the magnitude of admitted air flow; and (c) a continuity equation of the air. An ordinary differential equations system is solved using the Simulink tool of Matlab.The proposed model has been validated using experimental facilities at the hydraulic laboratories of the Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain,...
<p style="text-align: justify;">Se realiza un recorrido por el poder en la institución educativa, sin la pretensión de evidenciar una especie de genealogía de éste; más bien, se le sigue la pista en espacios institucionales y cotidianos, como la escuela, combinados con una mirada teórica inspirada en el construccionismo social. El poder se comprende aquí como un dispositivo relacional que atraviesa lo educativo a través de la narración del agente educador que pone entre paréntesis la narrativa del estudiante.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Palabras clave</strong>: Socialización, Educación, Relación, Poder, Instituyente, Instituido, Resignificación, Ideología, Joven, Déficit.</p>
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