Purpose To determine the total alpha-synuclein (αSyn) reflex tears and its association with retinal layers thickness in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Fifty-two eyes of 26 PD subjects and 52 eyes of age-and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Total αSyn in reflex tears was quantified using a human total αSyn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The retinal thickness was evaluated with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinsońs Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess motor, non-motor, and cognition. Results In PD, total αSyn levels were increased compared to control subjects [1.76pg/mL (IQR 1.74–1.80) vs 1.73pg/mL (IQR 1.70–1.77), p < 0.004]. The nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, internal plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer nuclear layer were thinner in PD in comparison with controls (p < 0.05). The outer plexiform layer and retinal pigment epithelium were thicker in PD (p < 0.05). The total αSyn levels positively correlated with the central volume of the inner nuclear layer (r = 0.357, p = 0.009). Conclusion Total αSyn reflex tear levels were increased in subjects with PD compared to controls. PD patients showed significant thinning of the inner retinal layers and thickening of outer retinal layers in comparison with controls. Total αSyn levels positively correlate with the central volume of the inner nuclear layer in PD. The combination of these biomarkers might have a possible role as a diagnostic tool in PD subjects.

Objetivo: Evaluar la estabilidad y el desplazamiento de diferentes lentes intraoculares (LIO) a los 3 meses y los cambios refractivos asociados después de la facoemulsificación. Método: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y unicéntrico. Se revisaron expedientes de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de facoemulsificación con colocación de LIO. Se realizó un examen oftalmológico completo, ultrabiomicroscopía a las 2 semanas, 1 y 3 meses después de la cirugía. Se realizó estadística descriptiva y análisis comparativos. Se tomó como diferencia significativa un valor de p < 0.05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 31 ojos con diagnóstico de miopía y catarata senil, 20 mujeres (64.5%) y 11 hombres (35.5%), con una edad media de 62.8 ± 13.14 años. En cuanto al desplazamiento de la LIO, no se observaron diferencias significativas para los cuadrantes superior, inferior, temporal y nasal. Se observa una tendencia hacia temporal (p = 0.054) entre el primer y el tercer mes posoperatorios. El equivalente esférico tampoco mostró diferencias. Conclusiones: El desplazamiento de la LIO no cambió con el tiempo después de la facoemulsificación. Los cambios fueron similares con los tres diferentes tipos de LIO y al compararlos proporcionan estabilidad refractiva en pacientes miopes.

This is the case of a 64-year-old man who presented progressive decrease in visual acuity in the right eye of 2-year evolution without a history of ocular trauma. Using slit-lamp examination, we observed fusion of the anterior and posterior capsules in addition to fibrosis and central folding of the latter. An ultrabiomicroscopy performed showed the lens nucleus sequestered between both capsules at the 6 o'clock meridian with disruption of the posterior capsule. Femtosecond laser was applied to create a regular capsulotomy that would allow adequate capsular bag remnants for placement of a three-piece intraocular lens. Subsequently, the phacoemulsification technique was performed using this lens as a scaffold. The femtosecond laser proved to be a useful tool facilitating the capsulotomy steps and providing a suitable capsular bag remnants for intraocular lens placement.

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