ResumenEl factor de necrosis tumoral (TNF) es un importante mediador de las reacciones inflamatorias y parece jugar un rol central en la patogénesis de varias enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas incluyendo la periodontitis. Se ha demostrado que existen diferentes tasas de síntesis de TNF alfa in vitro e in vivo entre los individuos, por lo que puede asociarse con la presencia de cierto polimorfismo genético. El presente estudio tiene la finalidad de estudiar el grado de polimorfismo del gen TNF-alfa (-308G/A) en una muestra de pacientes peruanos adultos y analizar la relación con los procesos periodontales severos. Para el estudio se colectaron 81 muestras de sangre con anticoagulante EDTA de personas comprendidas entre 25 y 52 años (promedio 47.5 ± 7.4). De los cuales 11 son de personas con procesos periodontales severos (promedio 35.2 ± 2.3). Se encontró una frecuencia mayor del genotipo GG (alelo G para el gen TNF-alfa-308) del 82.86% en personas sanas y 63.63% en personas con procesos periodontales. Mientras que el genotipo AA (alelo A para el gen TNF-alfa-308) que se relaciona a un mayor incremento de síntesis de TNF-alfa, fue de 18.8%, siendo un valor no muy significativo según la prueba chi-cuadrado. Los resultados están de acuerdo a algunos trabajos que encuentran asociación directa entre el polimorfismo del gen TNF-alfa con los procesos periodontales, pero no con otros que si lo asocian. Dado que la periodontitis es considerada una enfermedad multifactorial se discute el polimorfismo de TNF-alfa -308 (G/A) en pacientes peruanos. AbstractThe tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important mediator of the inflammatory reactions; it seems to play a central roll in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases including the periodontitis. It has been demonstrated that different rates exist from TNF alpha in vitro and in vivo between the individuals, so it can be associated with the presence of certain genetic polymorphism. The purpose of this investigation is to study the degree of polymorphism of the gene TNF-alpha (-308G/A) in samples of adult Peruvian patients and analyze the relationship with periodontal processes. For the study 81 blood samples with anticoagulant EDTA of people between 25 and 52 years were collected (47,5 average ± 7,4). 11 of them were people who had severe periodontal processes (average 35,2 ± 2,3). There was a greater frequency of genotype GG (G alele for the gene TNF-alpha-308) of the 82,86% in healthy people and 63,63% in people with periodontal processes. While the genotype AA (A alele for the gene TNF-alpha-308) that is related to a greater increase of TNF-alpha synthesis, was of 18,8%, this value was not very significant according to the chi-square test. The results are according to some works that find direct association between the polymorphism of the gene TNF-alpha with the periodontal processes, but not with others that do associate it. Since the periodontitis is considered a multifactorial disease the polymorphism of TNF-alpha -308 (G/A) in Peruvian patients is dis...
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