Efficient Microorganisms are shown to be an effective, alternative, sustainable, safe, and low-cost technique to increase the productivity of organic foods, and their use is a good option for agroecological management. Based on this context, this work had as main objective to evaluate the efficiency of the application of a biological cocktail from Efficient Microorganisms in the cultivation of lettuce. In the capture of the Efficient Microorganisms and the manufacture of the biological cocktail, a methodology proposal in the agroecology used by Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Cattle and Supplying (MAPA, in Portuguese, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento). The adopted experimental design was randomized blocks containing 8 blocks and 3 treatments. The T1 treatment, application of the Efficient Microorganisms, obtained a greater fresh mass of the aerial part of the plants sampled in the two cycles, resulting in a higher productivity in tons/hectare. The results proved to be advantageous for the productivity of the lettuce that received application of the biological cocktail from Efficient Microorganisms, when the biomass parameters were analyzed.

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of efficient microorganisms (EM), in the form of a biofertilizer, on soil fertility and leaf nutrition of lettuce during two crop cycles. One of the biggest challenges of organic production is the fertilization of crops. EMs are considered an alternative, sustainable, safe and low-cost technique to increase the productivity of organic foods, and their use is a good option for agroecological management. For the capture of the EMs and the production of the biofertilizer, a rice substrate was used, according to the methodology used by Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Cattle and Supplying (MAPA, in Portuguese: Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento). Soil samples were collected at the beginning of the first cycle and at the end of the second cycle. The samples were sent for chemical analysis, in order to evaluate possible changes in the concentration of Ca, Mg, K, P and Zn, as well as the levels of CTC, base saturation, organic matter and pH. For leaf analysis, leaf concentrations of the following nutrients were observed: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu Fe, Mn, Zn. The results were satisfactory for the treatment that received weekly application of efficient microorganisms, which resulted in a greater increase of the elements K, Zn and Ca in the soil. As for leaf concentrations, there was a significant difference for N and P (48 and 9.2 g kg-1, respectively) in the treatment used with biofertilizer.

Análise de fluorescência da clorofila a em mudas de cafeeiro sob estresse hídrico Analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence in coffee seedlings under water stress

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da inoculação das sementes de trigo com microrganismos eficientes, testando diferentes concentrações e produtos comerciais, afim de obter o controle da contaminação de possíveis agentes patogênicos associados a semente da cultura, assim como, um efeito positivo na germinação destas sementes. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 + 1, sendo o primeiro fator composto por dois produtos contendo microrganismos eficientes (EM comercial e EM convencional), o segundo fator foi constituído por cinco níveis da concentração dos produtos (20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%), adicionando mais um tratamento contendo somente água deionizada, com quatro repetições, totalizando 44 parcelas experimentais. Os produtos contendo microrganismos eficientes e as concentrações apresentaram interação significativa somente para as variáveis porcentagem da presença de fungos e porcentagem da ausência de fungos. No teste de germinação, verificou-se uma interação significativa nas variáveis porcentagem de germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que ambos os produtos utilizados (comercial e convencional), apresentaram eficiência no controle de fungos infectantes nas sementes de trigo, assim como, incrementaram o desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas.

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