The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Current results provide support for climate-related and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and the potential role of humans derived from new and existing fossil and archaeological data from Cuba. Our results indicate that losses of Cuba’s native fauna occurred in three waves: one during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, a second during the middle Holocene, and a third one during the last 2 ka, coinciding with the arrival of agroceramists and the early Europeans. The coexistence of now-extinct species with multiple cultural groups in Cuba for over 4 ka implies that Cuban indigenous non-ceramic cultures exerted far fewer extinction pressures to native fauna than the later agroceramists and Europeans that followed. This suggests a determinant value to increased technological sophistication and demographics as the most plausible effective extinction drivers.
Resumen: Se estudió un depósito fosilífero cavernario localizado en el occidente de Cuba y constituido por regurgitaciones de estrígidas. Este depósito fue el resultado de la actividad trófica de la lechuza (Tyto alba), la cual depredó anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos, y fue fechado entre el Holoceno Temprano a Medio (C 14 -7 864 ± 96 años AP). Este estudio mostró una panorámica de la fauna antigua procedente de paisajes terrestres con bosques húmedos en sabanas, con posterioridad a la culminación de la última fase árida del Pleistoceno-Holoceno. Palabras clave: Paleontología; Tafonomía, Tyto alba, Regurgitaciones, Pleistoceno-Holoceno, Cuba. Abstract: A cave fossiliferous deposit formed for barn owl pellets in western part of Cuba are studied. This were results barn owl (Tyto alba) predation on amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals and are dated in Early-Middle Holocene (C 14 -7 864 ± 96 years BP). These studies show an ancient faunal picture from terrestrial landscapes with moist forest in savannas after last Pleistocene-Holocene arid period. Key words: Paleontology, Tafonomy, Tyto alba, ,Regurgitations, Pleistocene-Holocene.
Se estudió un depósito fosilífero cavernario localizado en el occidente de Cuba y constituido por regurgitaciones de estrígidas. Este depósito fue el resultado de la actividad trófica de la lechuza (Tyto alba), la cual depredó anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos, y fue fechado entre el Holoceno Temprano a Medio (C 14-7 864 ± 96 años AP). Este estudio mostró una panorámica de la fauna antigua procedente de paisajes terrestres con bosques húmedos en sabanas, con posterioridad a la culminación de la última fase árida del Pleistoceno-Holoceno.
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