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The article contains sections titled: 1. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers 1.1. Raw Materials 1.2. Manufacturing Technologies 1.3. Design and Simulation 1.4. Mechanical Properties 1.5. Applications 1.6. Economic Aspects 2. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon 2.1. Introduction 2.1.1. History 2.1.2. Definition, Nomenclature 2.2. Raw Materials 2.2.1. Carbon Fibers and Textile Fiber Precursors 2.2.2. Matrix Resins 2.2.3. Additives 2.2.4. Pitch 2.2.5. Pyrocarbon 2.3. Manufacturing Processes 2.3.1. Pressing, Manual Layup 2.3.2. Winding 2.3.3. Autoclave Technology 2.3.4. Joining 2.3.5. Densification 2.3.5.1. Liquid Impregnation 2.3.5.2. Gas Phase Deposition (CVI, CVD) 2.3.6. Graphitization 2.4. Structure and Properties 2.4.1. Fiber–Matrix Binding, Structure, Crack Structure 2.4.2. Material Properties 2.4.2.1. Mechanical Properties 2.4.2.2. Thermophysical Properties 2.4.2.3. Tribological Properties 2.4.3. Chemical Properties 2.4.3.1. Chemical Corrosion 2.4.3.2. Oxidation and Oxidation Protection 2.5. Component Design and Numerical Methods 2.5.1. Problems Specific to CFC 2.5.2. Characteristic Material Parameters 2.5.3. Design Procedure 2.5.4. Experimental Studies and Component Tests 2.6. Applications 2.7. Outlook 3. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Ceramics 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Manufacture 3.2.1. Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) 3.2.2. Liquid Polymer Infiltration (LPI) 3.2.3. Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI) 3.3. Properties 3.4. Applications 3.4.1. Space Applications 3.4.2. Aeronautics 3.4.3. Friction Systems 3.4.4. Low‐Expansion Structures 3.4.5. Lightweight Armor 3.4.6. Other Applications