Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic validity of Sonosalphingography as a tubal patency test in infertile women using laparoscopy as gold standard. Methodology: This study was carried out at the Shifa International Hospital Islamabad, and the duration of this study was from January 2021 to June 2021. We used the WHO method for sample size by taking the prevalence of tuboperitoneal factors as 30%, sensitivity 72.9%, specificity 81.22%, margin of error 12%, and 95% confidence interval. It was a cross-sectional study that lasted for 6 months and assessed a total of 178 patients. Additionally, a non-probability, sequential sampling strategy was utilized to acquire the sample. Results: Our patients aged between 18-45 years, out of which 30% of the participants aged 18 to 25 years, 55% were between 26 and 35 years, and 15% were between 36 and 45 years. Standard deviation was 1.26, with a mean age of 27. The data collected from both the diagnostic tests was analyzed, diagnostic accuracy of Sonosalphingography was calculated as a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 76%, positive predictive value of 90%, negative predictive value of 60%, and diagnostic accuracy of 79%. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, Sonosalphingography is a very helpful supplemental diagnostic tool for evaluating tubal disease in patients with infertility, though direct laparoscopic assessment is the gold standard. Sonosalphingography and laparoscopy can be used to evaluate patients with secondary infertility. This spares the patient from being exposed to radiations and the discomfort of contrast administration in HSG. Keywords: Diagnostic Accuracy, Sonosalphingography, Tubal Patency, Infertility, Laparoscopy

ABSTRACT. We investigated systolic dysfunction by the use of biochemical laboratory tests and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography imaging in 32 Pakistani subjects exhibiting symptoms of this disorder. To investigate underlying genetic causes, such as familial hypercholesterolemia, DNA samples from these subjects were screened by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing to detect changes in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR). A novel mutation (1171G>A) in exon 8 and two polymorphisms (1167G>A and 1413 A>G) in exons 8 and 10 of the LDLR gene were found. In silico tools such as SIFT, PolyPhen-2, KD4v, and Project HOPE were used 5965 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 12 (4): 5964-5977 (2013) Coronary artery disease: SPECT, biochemical tests and mutations to predict the effect of this mutation on protein structure and function.

No abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to find the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in hypertensive patients with or without diabetes mellitus. METHODOLOGY: Data of patients having essential hypertension (n=931) referred to PINUM from April 2017 to December 2018 for stress/rest cardiac MIBI scan was analyzed. This data was divided into two groups. HD group contains data of patients having hypertension with diabetes mellitus (n=456, 48.98% of total population, M:F=245:211). While data of patients having hypertension without diabetes mellitus was placed in H group (n=475, 51.02% of total population, M: F=254:221). RESULTS: Prevalence of CAD is higher in HD group than in H group (47.8% vs. 30.1%; p<0.001). CAD is more prevalent in males than females in both groups (53.9 % vs. 40.8% in HD group, and 39.4% vs. 19.5% in H group). This difference in prevalence of CAD in HD and H groups is more marked in females (40.8% vs. 19.5%; p<0.001) than males (53.9 % vs. 39.4%; p=0.001). Prevalence of CAD in patients with typical presentation is not statistically significant in HD and H groups (72.3% vs. 68.4%; p=0.645), while in subjects with atypical presentation prevalence is significantly higher in HD group than H group (40.8% vs. 26.8%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of CAD is higher in the group of patients having essential hypertension with diabetes mellitus than the group of patients having essential hypertension without diabetes mellitus.