Testosterone, estradiol, noradrenaline, adrenaline, cortisol levels in blood serum of Ukrainian and Indian young men and interrelations between those parameters, neuroticism and physical aggression were studied. Higher noradrenaline and estradiol contents were revealed in Indian men population as compared with Ukrainian one. Both in total group of participants and men of every population no interrelation between investigated parameters and neuroticism was found, but in Indian men the strong negative correlation between noradrenaline and physical aggression was observed. After division of all participants into 3 subgroups depending on neuroticism level, in persons with high neuroticism the significant positive correlation between neuroticism and cortisol and significant negative correlations between noradrenaline and neuroticism, between noradrenaline and physical aggression were observed. In individuals with middle neuroticism level the strong positive correlations between estradiol and neuroticism and between testosterone and physical aggression were found. Obtained results indicate the different contribution of cortisol and estradiol to formation of high and middle neuroticism levels. The increased content of noradrenaline in men of Indian population appears to provide the potent control of neuroticism and physical aggression expression. In all subgroups (Ukrainian and Indian men, persons with high and middle neuroticism) the strong positive correlation between testosterone to noradrenaline ratio and cortisol to noradrenaline ratio was found.

High anxiety is the base not only for depression development but also to impulsive aggression manifestation. In the previous study we revealed the differences in neurohumoral status in animals with submissive and dominant behavioral types. Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis hyperactivity, the increase in noradrenaline and the decrease in serotonin levels in limbicocortical regions were observed in submissive male rats (high anxiety). Due to these results, we studied an interrelation between anxiety level and aggressiveness index and its components. The research involved 138 participants: 121 young men aged 18 to 22 years and 17 male adolescents within the age range 15-16 years. They were asked to answer Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Eysenck Personality Inventory. The anxiety level was assessed in points. The aggressiveness index, physical, verbal and indirect aggressions were estimated in a percentage of the maximum level. No correlation between the anxiety level and the aggressiveness index was found in whole group of young men. Whole group was separated into three subgroups depending on anxiety level: with high, moderate and low anxiety levels. Strong positive correlation between anxiety level and aggression index in men with high anxiety level and negative correlation between these two parameters in men with low anxiety level were revealed. In last subgroup the correlation was statistically insignificant. In men with moderate anxiety level no correlation between anxiety level and aggression index was observed. This interrelation may be taken into account in anxiety treatment and in the prevention of impulsive aggression manifestation. In whole group of male adolescents no correlation between anxiety and aggressiveness index was found. Obtained data indicate the necessity of participants division depending on anxiety level and using the closed age groups to study the mechanisms of aggression development.

Aim: to study MCP-1 concentrations in chronic carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis and the role of this protein in the development and progression of the disease. Material and methods . Thirty female WAG rats were divided into three groups (each group consisted of ten individuals): 1) introduction of 1% carrageenan solution for 14 days; 2) introduction of 1 % carrageenan solution for 28 days; 3) the control group. The animals of the first two groups were developing gastroenterocolitis. The MCP-1 and TNF-α concentrations were measured in the blood serum by ELISA. Results. Development of carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis was accompanied by increased levels of both MCP-1 and TNF-α in the blood serum. The level of the increase of both the parameters was more evident after four-week oral taking of the food additive carrageenan. Conclusion. The increased MCP-1 production in carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis may be directly due to the toxic effect of carrageenan on the macrophages of the gastrointestinal tract, development of oxidative stress, as well as due to the stimulating effect of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α.

Aim: to study the levels of fractalkine and IL-8 in blood serum of patients with exacerbation of chronic purulent rhinosinusitis. Material and methods . Twenty patients suffering from chronic purulent rhinosinusitis were examined during the stage of exacerbation. The control group consisted of twenty conditionally healthy individuals with nasal septum deviation. The blood sampling of the examined patients was performed. The levels of fractalkine and IL-8 in the blood serum were determined by ELISA. Results. The exacerbation of purulent chronic rhinosinusitis leads to increased levels of both fractalkine and IL-8 in the blood serum of patients, which contributes to the involvement of neutrophils, monocytes, and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes into the inflammatory process. Chemokines IL-8 and fractalkine play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic purulent rhinosinusitis, which suggests the reasonability of application of pharmacological preparations that block their functions. Conclusions. The carried out study revealed increased levels of both fractalkine and IL-8 in the blood serum of the patients with chronic purulent rhinosinusitis at the stage of exacerbation