Background: Posterior shoulder stretching exercises (PSSEs) aim to reduce posterior shoulder tightness (PST). Position modification of traditional PSSEs has been suggested to minimize inadequate control of scapular and glenohumeral rotation, possibly leading to increased subacromial impingement. Hypothesis: Modified PSSEs will have positive effects on shoulder mobility, pain, and dysfunction. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Methods: A total of 67 symptomatic patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) and shoulder internal rotation asymmetry were randomly assigned to 3 groups: modified cross-body stretch (MCS) (n = 22; treatment program + MCS), modified sleeper stretch (MSS) (n = 22; treatment program + MSS), and a control group (n = 23; treatment program consisting of only modalities, range of motion [ROM], and strength training but no PSSEs) for 4 weeks. Pain, PST, shoulder rotation ROM, and dysfunction were evaluated. Results: Pain, PST, shoulder rotation ROM, function, and disability improved in all groups ( P < 0.05). The MCS and MSS groups had better results compared with the control group with regard to pain with activity, internal rotation ROM, function, and disability ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the stretching groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: All treatments improved pain, shoulder mobility, function, and disability in patients with SIS. However, modified PSSEs in addition to a treatment program was superior to the treatment program alone (without PSSEs) in improving pain with activity, internal rotation ROM, and dysfunction. Moreover, stretching provided clinically significant improvements. Clinical Relevance: Modified PSSEs, in addition to a treatment program, are beneficial for patients with SIS. Both modified cross-body and sleeper stretches are safe and efficacious for improving shoulder mobility, pain, and dysfunction.

Background and purpose Previous literature has shown that Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) may be an effective treatment for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). This study constitutes the first case study evaluating internet-based BBAT for FMS. The purpose of this case study was to describe feasibility and preliminary outcomes of an internet-based BBAT training for a total of eight weeks in three patients with FMS. Methods Patients underwent a synchronous individual internet-based BBAT training. Outcomes were assessed using Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised (FIQR), Awareness-Body-Chart (ABC), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and plasma fibrinogen level. These measures were administered at baseline and after the treatment. The satisfaction with treatment was evaluated with a structured questionnaire. Results At post-treatment evaluation each patient showed improvements in all outcome measures. All patients had clinically significant changes in FIQR. Patient 1 and 3 exceeded minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for SF-MPQ total score. All patients’ pain severity exceeded MCID for VAS (SF-MPQ). Besides, we found some benefits in body awareness and level of dysautonomia. At the end of the treatment, satisfaction with the program was very high. Conclusion Based on this case study, application of internet-based BBAT seems feasible and promising for clinical benefits.