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Intradiploic meningioma, which may be classified as a subgroup of intraosseous meningioma, is a rarely encountered disorder. To date, less than 10 cases have been reported. Here, we report a case of fronto-orbitonasal intradiploic meningioma. A 12-year-old female with exophthalmos and diplopia was operated on for a cranial intradiploic mass lesion. Histopathological evaluation of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of intradiploic psammomatous meningioma. Her exophthalmos did not change, but the diplopia disappeared. This case is unique in that it is an extensive case of intradiploic meningioma of the orbital roof and frontal base in a child. Intradiploic meningiomas generally are of psammomatous type. Especially tumors adjacent to the orbita cause exophthalmos; cases located on the other side of the calvarium may not cause any symptom or sign other than headache or sometimes a mass on the scalp. Treatment, as with meningiomas located in the intracranial cavity, is total resection of the lesion.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depicts cerebral tissue without need for contrast media in cerebral pathologies and gives detailed information on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and CSF flow pathways. In addition, physiopathologic evaluations including studies on CSF flow dynamics can be carried out by using cine-phase contrast techniques without need for invasive procedures such as contrast media injection or catheterization (1, 2).Evaluation of CSF flow physiology and pathologies with cine-phase contrast MRI evaluation has gained momentum in the last 15 years. Studies using this technique, which is very sensitive even to slow flow, have focused on the ventricular system, subarachnoid spaces, spinal canal, and the cerebral aqueduct (3-5).Following expression of flow through aqueduct quantitatively, an understanding of normal flow patterns was initially achieved, and flow changes in various pathologies were scrutinized. Communicating and obstructive hydrocephalus, Chiari malformation, and arachnoid cysts were the initial pathologies studied (6-9). Postsurgical clinical applications, such as evaluation of third ventriculostomy patency and aqueductal CSF flow evaluation following endoscopic aqueductoplasty came into use afterwards (10, 11). The characterization of normal CSF flow dynamics can provide pathophysiological information on diseases affecting CSF circulation by contributing to normal reference values.In this study, aqueductal CSF flow parameters in different age groups were investigated using cine-phase contrast MRI technique, with the aim of measuring differences in flow parameters among age groups and sexes. Materials and methodsIn this six-month prospective study, 60 subjects who underwent imaging for other indications but were found to have no abnormalities were included. Written consent was obtained from all subjects or legal representatives of subjects before the procedures. Of the cases, 25 (41.6%) were female and 35 (58.3%) were males, with ages ranging from 6 years to 70 years (mean, 31.2). The individuals were divided into five age groups: ≤14 years, 15-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, and ≥45 years. The mean ages in groups were as follows respectively: 9.1 years, 20.1 years, 30.1 years, 40.3 years, and 57.7 years.MRI examinations were performed with 1.5 T MR unit (Siemens Symphony, Erlangen, Germany). Imaging was carried out using standard head coils, in neutral supine position and without any case preparation. Subjects were asked to avoid deep breathing during the examination. Routine cranial axial and sagittal fast spin echo (FSE) T2-weighted images were acquired (TR/TE/NEX/FA, 5540/97/2/150˚; slice thickness, 5 mm; FOV, 250; matrix, 189 × 256). PURPOSEThe aim of this study was cerebrospinal flow quantification in the cerebral aqueduct using cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique in both sexes and five different age groups to provide normative data. MATERIALS AND METHODSSixty subjects with no cerebral pathology were included in this study. Subjects were divided into fi...