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Abstract. It is well-known that people with autism or mental retardation experience crucial problems in thinking and communicating using linguistic structures. Thus, we foresee the emergence of text-to-image conversion systems to let such people establish a bridge between linguistic expressions and the concepts these expressions refer to via relevant images. S2S is such a system for converting Turkish sentences into representative 3D scenes via the mediation of an HPSG-based NLP module. A precursor to S2S, a non-3D version, has been tested with a group of students with autism and mental retardation in a special education center and has provided promising results motivating the work presented in this paper.

In this study, as industrial waste, prina was used as an adsorbent substance with its natural and thermally modified form. The prina used in the study was taken as waste material from an olive oil factory in Ayvalık, Turkey. In this study, the removal possibilities of the toxic effect of crystal violet dye found in various industrial wastewaters with prina adsorbent were investigated. By using the pyrolysis method at 600 °C, the biochar form of prina was obtained. Natural and biochar prina and crystal violet (CV) dye have been tried under different adsorption conditions. For this purpose, experiments were carried out at different prina dosages, initial dye concentrations and contact times. The highest removal efficiencies are around 75% in natural prina, while the biochar is around 99% in prina. Also, concentration studies were applied to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. As a result of the isotherm study, it was seen that the adsorption mechanism was suitable for Freundlich isotherm model. The contact time removal studies were applied to pseudo-firstorder, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models, and adsorption was found to be fit with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. According to the experiment results, it was observed that the thermal treatment caused a significant increase in the removal efficiency. It was found that it is an efficient adsorbent material that can be used to remove the CV dye from the aqueous solutions.

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