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Summary 4-Carbethoxymethyl-2-[(chloroacetyl / ?-chloropropionyl / ?-bromobutyryl / ?-chloro-(?-phenylacetyl)amino]thiazoles (I?IV) were synthesized by reacting 4-carbethoxymethyl-2-ami-nothiazole with chloroacetyl chloride, ?-chloropropionyl chloride, ?-bromobutyryl bromide and ?-chloro-a-phenylacetyl chloride, respectively. Furthermore, I-IV were refluxed with ammonium thiocyanate to give 2-[(4-carbethoxymethylthiazol-2-yl)imino]-4-thiazolidinones (V- VIII). V was refluxed with various aromatic aldehydes to give 5-arylidene-2-[(4-carbethoxyme-thylthiazol-2-yl)imino]-4-thiazolidinones (IX-XIV). The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, hydrolysis, UV, IR, 1H-NMR and EI mass spectral data. The antimicrobial activities of the compounds were assessed by microbroth dilution technique using Mueller-Hinton broth and Mueller-Hinton Agar. In this study, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 1539, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were used as test microorganisms. Among the tested compounds, XI and XIV showed activity against S. aureus (MIC: 78 ?g/ml, 1.6 ?g/ml), whereas compound V had an activity against S. flexneri (MIC: 39 ?g/ml) and compound I against C. albicans (MIC: 125 (|?g/ml). Compounds I, IV- XIV were also evaluated for antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system and BACTEC 12B medium. Only compounds I and XIV showed 86% and 67% inhibition in the primary screen.

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