The development of adaptive medical structures is one of the promising areas of bioengineering. Polymer composite materials based on polylactide (PLA) are interesting not only for their properties, such as biocompatibility, mechanical properties, biodegradation, and convenience of use, but also for demonstrating shape memory effect (SME). In this study, reducing the activation initiation temperature and the SME activation energy was achieved by forming a composite based on PLA containing 10% poly (ε -caprolactone) (PCL). The effect of the plasticizer on the structure, mechanical properties, and especially SME of the composite, was studied by DSC, SEM, FTIR spectroscopy, compression tests, and DMA. By varying the composition, the beginning of the SME activation was reached at 45 °C, and the apparent activation energy of the process decreased by 85 kJ/mol, ensuring safe and effective use of the material as a precursor for temporary self-fitting scaffolds for reconstructive surgery.

The article presents the laboratory and industrial research and the analysis of the impact of modification of refractory concretes and products with finely-dispersed nanomaterials. The dependence of the structural and physical-mechanical characteristics of mullite-corundum refractories of different types (for ladle furnace lances and for supporting blocks of rolling mill carriages) on nanomodification by electromagnetic homogenization is shown. The possibility of using a vortex electromagnetic homogenizer to significantly improve the performance of refractories is shown. In addition, the efficiency of using nanodispersed silicon dioxide is established and its optimal concentration is determined.

Composite materials based on polylactide, polyhydroxybutyrate and tricalcium phosphate have been developed for the reconstruction of unloaded bone defects.