Three rare variations of the large arteries of the thigh are known: Hypoplasia or aplasia of the superficial femoral artery in combination with persistent sciatic artery which normally is present during embryogenesis for a few days only. Typical finding is a large dorsal artery in the thigh accompanied with a hypoplastic superficial femoral artery. For the first time angiography of this vascular situation is shown in two projections. Complications of persistent sciatic artery include aneurysm (25%) and occlusion (embolic or thrombotic). Duplication of the superficial femoral artery. Absence or duplication of the deep femoral artery caused by separately originating branches. Knowledge of embryogenesis of the vessels helps to understand these artery variations.