Fungi such as Aspergillus niger (brasiliensis) Aspergillus flavus, Alterneriadia nthocola, Curvularia lunata, Curvulari apellesecens, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium equiseti, Microphomina phaseolina, Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium digitatumare associated with heavy losses of seeds, fruits, grains, vegetables and other plant products in transit and storage rendering them unfit for human consumption. The research sought to identify fungal pathogens of groundnut rot in storage in Hong Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria a major groundnut producing area. A survey was carried out using random sampling on incidence of groundnut rot in the seven districts of Hong Local Government Area in the month of July 2016. Isolation and identification, frequency of occurrence, virulence as well as effect of pathogens on germination of groundnut seeds and seedling growth were carried out. Incidence of rot occurred in all 7 districts with the highest in Hong, Hildi and Gaya, pathogens associated with the rot were identified as follows; Aspergillus niger (brasilensis) Aspergilus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Pseudallescheria boydii, Cylindrocarpon lichenicola and Scedosaporium prolificans. The frequent occurring fungi were Aspergillus niger (brasilensis) and Aspergillus flavus while the most virulent was Aspergillus flavus. There was significant reduction in seed germination and seedling growth at 99.99% probability level for both the Valencia (Kampala) and Peruvian (Kwathrumthrum) from 33.33% for uninoculated to 11.00% for inoculated. Proper storage practices to reduce groundnut rot as well as enhance seed viability are therefore, suggested.

No abstract

Fungi are associated with heavy losses of seeds, fruits, grains, vegetables and other plant products in transit and storage rendering them unfit for human consumption. The used of synthetic fungicide has a great effect on human consumption, hence the need for safer control. A research was conducted in Hong local government area of Adamawa State of Nigeria (the most prominent groundnut farming community in the state). The following moulds were associated with postharvest groundnut rot in the seven districts of Hong local government area in the month of July 2016: Aspergillus niger (brasilensis), Aspergilus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Pseudallescheria boydii, Cylindrocarpon lichenicola and Scedosaporium prolificans. Therefore, the research sought to assess management of rot using plant extract of mahogany. Control trials were carried out using the extracts of leaf of mahogany. Growth of pathogens both in-vitro and in-vivo were significantly reduced by the plant extracts. Aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts reduced mycelial growth from 72.67 mm to 25.83 mm and 15.33 mm respectively for Aspergillus niger (brasilensis) (in-vitro) and from 55.00 mm to 28.58 mm by aqueous extracts and to 17.92 mm size of rot by ethanol extracts for in-vivo control. Efficacy of extract increased with concentration, while the local genotype was less affected by rot in comparison to Kampala variety. Therefore, mahogany aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts have been found effective against these pathogens and therefore the leaf is recommended for further research in order to formulate a control strategy for these pathogens.

Fungi are associated with heavy losses of seeds, fruits, grains, vegetables, and other plant products in transit and storage rendering them unfit for human consumption. The effect of synthetic fungicides on humans is hazardous, hence the need to find a safer means of control. A research was conducted in Hong Local Government Area of Adamawa State of Nigeria (the most prominent groundnut farming community in the state). The following molds were associated with postharvest groundnut rot in the seven districts of Hong local government area in July 2016: Aspergillus niger, Aspergilus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Pseudallescheria boydii, Cylindrocarpon lichenicola, and Scedosaporium prolificans. Therefore, the research sought to assess the management of rot using plant extracts of mahogany. Control trials were carried out using the extracts of root of mahogany. The growth of pathogens both in-vitro and in-vivo was significantly reduced by the plant extracts. Aqueous root and ethanol extracts reduced mycelial growth from 72.67 mm to 21.00 mm and 20.50 mm respectively (in-vitro) and from 55.00 mm to 23.45 mm by aqueous extracts and 15.92 mm by ethanol extracts for in-vivo control, thus, mahogany aqueous and ethanol root extracts have been found effective against these pathogens, hence, root is recommended for further research in other to formulate a control strategy for these pathogens.