The study was conducted to identify and characterize the etiological agent causing disease and mortality in Indian major carp from fresh water fish farms of Ganjam district in Odisha, India. Diseased fish samples showing symptoms of haemorrhages, red sores, ulcerations, loss of appetite, lethargy, pop-eyes, dropsy and tail or fin rots etc. were collected for the isolation and identification of the pathogenic bacteria using microbiological, biochemical and molecular methods. Out of 65 samples collected, 33 presumptive Aeromonas isolates were obtained, which were then pooled to 12 isolates for further analysis based on their source of isolation. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of three isolated strains showed close relationship with Aeromonas hydrophila. In Antibiogram study, all three strains were found resistant against more than three commonly used antibiotics having MAR index ≥ 0.5. This study highlights the involvement of multiple antibiotic resistant Aeromonas hydrophila in the disease outbreak of cultured Indian major carps. The study further affirms the superiority of molecular characterization in identifying Aeromonas hydrophila over microbiological and biochemical methods.
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