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The removal of Pb(II) ion from our environment especially waste water is now shifting from the use of conventional adsorbents to the use of biosorbents. The presence of heavy metals in the environment is of major concern because of their toxicity and threat to human life and the environment. A new type of Pb(II) ion imprinted alginic acid interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) were prepared for Pb(II) ion removal by ion imprinting strategy. The Pb(II) ion imprinted alginate and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide(NNMBA)-crosslinked polyacrylamide based IPN were synthesized with acrylamide in the presence of alginic acid. The influence of matrix on the sorption efficiency for Pb(II) ion and selectivity against metal ions such as Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) ions on IPN were described.The structure and morphology of Pb(II) ion imprinted IPN were followed by various analytical methods. The separation characteristics of the IPN for Pb(II) ion were investigated by batch and column procedures and analyzed by AAS. Based on the packed columns with Pb(II) ion imprinted IPN, a highly selective sorbent for Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution was developed by the imprinting approach and the developed polymer could be used for the selective sorption of trace amounts of Pb(II) ions from coexisting metal ions and from waste water.

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A novel tetravalent cerium cation-imprinted crosslinked polymer network (Ce(IV)-CICPN) based on polyacrylamide was synthesized by metal-ion-imprinting strategy in an aqueous medium with N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide (NNMBA) as crosslinker. The synthesized CPN is characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, PXRD analysis, SEM studies, EDX and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption performance was studied using adsorption isotherms and kinetics. The Ce(IV)-CICPN was optimized for maximum Ce(IV) ion sorption using the batch equilibration method, and its performance has been compared with that of a non-imprinted crosslinked polymer network (non-imprinted CPN). It was found that it possesses a maximum adsorption capacity of 70.3 mg/g. The surface area of both Ce(IV)-CICPN and non-imprinted CPNs were determined by BET surface area analysis and found to be 2.103 m2 g–1 and 0.62 m2 g–1, respectively. Polymer efficiency as a selective sorbent for Ce(IV) ion was estimated through examining its selectivity relative to Zn(II), Mg(II), Cr(IV) and V(V).