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Ultra-Large Band (UWB) is a radio technology used for the transmission and distribution of radio energy over a wide frequency band with low power spectral density. A newer UWB Microstrip patch antenna is designed using a jute material as a substrate because of its durability and CO2 and water footprint. The ecological impact is relatively small with Cradle to Cradle, biodegradable with 100% compostable, and extremely strong. The jute substrate is reinforced to make it nonflexible and hydrophobic for further better electrical and mechanical properties, and it is treated with the conductive polymer sodium alginate; the results were compared with the raw hydrophilic jute substrate. The proposed antenna design and results were compared with the similar antenna using the FR4 substrate of a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6, and the ultra-wideband spectrum range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. It is used for both uplink and downlink transmission of local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and satellite communications spectrum (SCP). The performance of this network provides a wider bandwidth transmission for the range of 1 to 14 GHz applications.

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This paper provides a survey of different soft computing methods used in epileptic seizure detection from the EEG signal of the patient. The soft computing algorithms discussed here are Neural Network, fuzzy logic and probabilistic reasoning. The methodology, application and accuracy of each method are analyzed.

During the seizure activity the heart rate variability of the patient differs from that of a normal person. In this paper statistical approach is used to calculate the HRV. The R peak is detected using discrete wavelet transform. Daubechies 6 (db6) is used as the mother wavelet. The statistical parameters of the R-R interval of a normal ECG and the ECG of a seizure patient are compared. The standard deviation, mean and variance of ECG of seizure patient are higher when compared to normal ECG. Hence variation in HRV can be used as one of the markers for seizure detection.