Active ILM peeling in IEMM surgery may be responsible for visual impairment related to its microtraumatic effects.

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for exploration of a nephrotic syndrome. Relevant past medical history included HIV-1-positive infection since 1997. She had been treated with a combination of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (AZT, 3TC, and abacavir) since April 2002. One week before admission, her CD4 þ lymphocyte count was 350 mm À3 and the RNA viral load was undetectable.Findings at admission included blood pressure of 160/ 90 mm Hg and peripheral inferior limb edema. Clinical examination of the heart, abdomen, and nervous system was normal. Urinary protein excretion was 3.6 g per 24 h, hematuria 3 Â 10 4 red blood cells per 1 ml of urine, albumin 25 g l À1 , serum creatinine and creatinine clearance estimated by the Cockroft and Gault formula were, respectively, 88 mmol l À1 and 80 ml min À1 , and electrolytes were in the normal range, as were C-reactive protein and serum fibrinogen. Blood count gave hemoglobin at 10 g per 100 ml, white blood cells 6600 mm À3 , and platelets 287 Â 10 9 l À1 without schizocytes. Liver function tests were normal. Immunoelectrophoresis showed no serum monoclonal component, serum IgA and IgM were in the normal range, and IgG was increased to 41.6 g l À1 (normal range: 6.9-14 g l À1 ). Serological tests for hepatitis were negative. Antinuclear antibody (titer of 1:80) was considered insignificant. Immunological tests were negative for antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies, and for antibodies against double-stranded DNA, extractable nuclear antigens, cardiolipin, and b-2-glycoprotein 1. Blood levels of complement components C3 and C4 were in the normal range (1.2 and 0.11 g l À1 , respectively) (C3 normal range: 0.75-1.4 g l À1 ; C4 normal range: 0.10-0.34 g l À1 ).

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