No abstract

Increasing pollution by heavy metals calls for advanced methods to immobilize or extract soil metals, thus avoiding their contact with water, air and living organisms. In particular there is a need for cheap binding materials that extract metals. Here we tested the use of the halloysite clay, functionalized with silanes and non-functionalized, on metal extraction from soils. The clay was functionalized with 3-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane and 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyltrimethoxysilane. Contaminated soils were sampled at the Głogów Copper Smelter and Refinery. Soils were sequentially extracted using the Tessier method. Metals were quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Our results show that the addition of halloysite increases the metal content of the plant unavailable fraction that is the fifth fraction of the Tessier method, thus decreasing metal availability. Indeed metal contents of the fifth fraction versus total content increased from 67.64 to 157.79 mg/kg for copper, from 28.10 to 76.14 mg/kg for lead, from 41.60 to 95.78 mg/kg for zinc, from 0.77 to 1.79 mg/kg for cadmium and from 3.96 to 8.90 mg/kg for arsenic.

The influence of iron compounds in the sulfuric acid catalyst on the SO2 oxidation process The catalytic oxidation process of SO2 to SO3 is the main stage of sulfuric (VI) acid production. The process run could be disordered by reason of the increased inactivation of sulfuric acid catalyst during SO2 oxidation process. This paper includes the influence study of the iron quantity and forms, which is introduced into the catalyst active phase, on the reaction rate of the SO2 oxidation process.

3- propyl]trimethoxysilane were used to functionalize the surface of silica from Piotrowice in Poland to stabilize heavy metals (HMs) and arsenic in soil. The soil for the study was sampled from the impact zone of Głogów Copper Smelter and Refi nery. The soil samples were exposed to fi ve-step Tessier sequential extraction. The speciation studies were limited to fi ve sequentially defi ned fractions in which metal content was determined. The addition of unmodifi ed silica did not affect signifi cantly the concentration of metals in individual fractions. Signifi cant changes were noted upon introduction of functionalized silica in the soil. The hybrid formulations obtained signifi cantly reduce the release of heavy metals and arsenic from soil sorption complex. The results indicate the potential use of functional formulations for reduction of metal migration in soil in the areas of exceeded concentration of heavy metals and arsenic in the soil, caused by industrial activity.

The influence of the conditions and worktime on the waste vanadic catalyst amount This paper includes the research results of the vanadic catalyst study that was operated in PCC Rokita S.A. during a gaseous SO3 formation. The physical properties have been studied: mechanical strength, bulk density and grindability during the five-year cycle of the catalyst worktime. The studies presented underline the prediction of the amount of the formed vanadic waste material.