Unlike radiographic imaging, computed tomography may be used to create 3-dimensional reconstructions of structures in cases of suspected open-mouth jaw locking; improve evaluation of the lesions; and improve decision-making and client education for diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis.

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Summary Angiographic assessment of cerebro‐vascular disease requires films of high quality and information regarding all extracranial and intra‐cranial vessels. Direct carotid puncture and arch aortography are considered inadequate in several important respects. Four hundred trans‐femoral selective catheter studies have been reviewed to determine if this method offers a practical alternative. The technique was totally successful in 95.5% and diagnostic information was invariably of high quality. This method is recommended as the procedure of choice in the angiographic examination of ischaemic cerebral disease.

SUMMARY The incidence of venous extension of renal cell carcinoma was studied in sixteen cases using selective arteriography followed by inferior venacavography. Six (37.50%) showed venous extension and 3 (19%) indentation of the venacava by enlarged para‐aortic nodes from metastatic disease. This study indicates that inferior venacavography is indicated as a routine investigation in the assessment of renal cell carcinoma.