No abstract

No abstract

Absrract. Three intraductal carcinomas were found in the mammary glands of 220 goats. The affected glands were indurated and had multiple grey-white dots resembling areas of suppuration on their cut surfaces. The growths were multicentric and had diffuse intraluminal proliferation of cells, giving laciform, cribriform or solid appearance to the epithelium. In one, the neoplastic cells were invasive, having overcome the myoepithelial basement membrane complex, and had metastasised to the regional lymph node.Mammary cancers in goats are considered rare, and only a report by LAFFOLAY [l] was found in the literature. He discussed the prevalence of mammary tumours in herbivorous animals and reported three in goats -an adenoma and two carcinomas. Their occurrence in herbivorous animals is rare. Materials and MethodsIn the course of examining over 2,000 female goats at the Bareilly slaughterhouse from August 1971 to January 1972, 152 quarters considered to be abnormal at autopsy from 220 udders together with supramammary lymph nodes were collected. All the slaughtered goats were 4 years or older and were normal on routine antemortem examination. Pieces of mammary gland and their lymph nodes were fixed in 10% neutral formal saline, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned at 5-6 pm. Stains used were haematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson's trichrome for collagen, MacCallum-Goodpasture and Ziehl-Neelsen for microorganisms and RITTER and OLESON'S [2] stain for myoepithelial basement membrane.

A case of pulmonary nocardiosis in a duck is described. Macroscopically, the lesions were nodular, 1-2 ram. in diameter. Histologically there was replacement of normal parenchyma by areas of necrosis and epithelioid and giant cells. The organism was Gram + and PAS + but not acid and alcohol fast.Nocardiosis in not uncommon in cattle, dog, cat and man. It is rare in birds; there are only 2 cases reported in the literature, both in fowl, one involving the liver (Truche, 1926) and the other the abdominal cavity (Dodge, 1935). Nocardiosis involving the lung of birds has not been reported, and the condition in a duck described here is the first report in this species. MATERIAL AND METHODSA piece of lung from a duck (Anas boscas) was received in 10~/o formol-saline from the Veterinary Biologicals and Research Institute, Hyderabad-Deccan. The duck had shown progressive loss of condition and weight and was suspected as having a neoplasm. The tissue was embedded in paraffin, and sectioned at 5-6 ~ thickness. Stains used were H. & E., PAS, Ziehl-Neelsen and Gram in which differentiation was by 1-2 seconds exposure to acetone.A small portion of lung tissue was digested in 10% aqueous KOH solution for 24 hr. After centrifugation, smears were made from the sediment, fixed by heat and stained by dilute carbol fuchsin. RESULTSThe lung revealed multiple nodular lesions 1-2 ram. in diameter. Nodules were greyish white and scattered throughout the surface and substance of the lung, sometimes, coalescing to form large abscess-like areas.Histologically, there was complete disorganization of the normal architecture of lung parenchyma and its replacement by areas of necrosis and caseation, interspersed with areas of epithelioid and giant ceils. A few lymphocytes were also present at the periphery of necrotic areas. The majority of these cells and a few epithelioid cells showed karyorrhexis and pyknosis of their nuclei. Giant cells were numerous with granular or vacuolated cytoplasm and a variable number of vesicular nuclei arranged at the periphery of the cell in a circular or horse-shoe pattern.Gram stained sections revealed tangled masses of closely interwoven long thin branching Gram + filaments which did not take the stain uniformly, i" Deceased. 79 at RMIT University Library on July 15, 2015 http://sabouraudia.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from 80 P. K. R. IYER AND P. P. RAOgiving them a beaded appearance. The organisms thus had a superficial resemblance to streptococci but individually were elliptical. They measured 0"3-0.5 ~ in thickness and were seen in caseo-necrotic areas ( fig. 1) and within the epithelioid and giant cells ( fig. 2).Sections stained by hot Ziehl-Neelsen carbol fuchsin and decolorised with 3% acid alcohol failed to reveal any organisms. However, smears prepared from sediment of KOH-digested tissue and stained by dilute carbol fuchsin revealed tangled masses of thin beaded filaments ( fig. 3), the wall of the filmanets being stained and the centre remaining unstained.Sections revealed PAS + thin branching ...

Mammary carcinoma is extremely rare in cattle in spite of the demands placed on this organ for commercial milk production, and the fact that cows are allowed to live into the 'cancer age'. There are only 5 cases reported in the literaturel-4. 6, most originating in the ductal system. Carcinoma has not been reported from the mammary gland of the water buffalo. The intraductal carcinoma of the udder of an aged female water buffalo described herein is the first report of a mammary carcinoma in this species.