Objective: The intake of adequate amounts of iodine during pregnancy is essential for the neurological development of the fetus. The aim of this study was to assess iodine nutrition status in pregnant women from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Material and methods: We analyzed urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in 191 pregnant and 58 non-pregnant women matched by age. We used the World Health Organization criteria to define sufficient iodine supply (median UIC: 150-249 µg/L among pregnant women, and 100-199 µg/L for non-pregnant women). Results: Median UIC of the pregnant women studied was lower than the recommended value (median = 137.7 µg/L, 95% CI = 132.9 -155.9), while non-pregnant women had UIC levels within the appropriate range (median = 190 μg/L; 95% IC = 159.3-200.1). UIC was below 150 µg/L in 57% of the pregnant women. Conclusions: Although a larger sample is needed to consolidate these findings, these results raise concerns about the adequacy of the iodine supply of pregnant women in Brazil, especially considering the new determinations of the Brazilian government, which have recently reduced the concentrations of iodine in RESUMOObjetivo: O consumo de quantidade adequada de iodo durante a gestação é de fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento neurológico do feto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado nutricional iódico em gestantes do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Material e métodos: Analisamos a concentração urinária de iodo (UIC) em 191 gestantes e em 58 mulheres não gestantes de mesma faixa etária. Foram utilizados os critérios da OMS para definir suficiência iódica (mediana de UIC: 150-249 µg/L entre as gestantes e 100-199 µg/L para as não gestantes). Resultados: A mediana de UIC das gestantes estudadas esteve abaixo da recomendada (mediana = 137,7 μg/L; 95% IC = 132,9 -155,9) enquanto a das mulheres não grávidas se mostrou na faixa adequada (mediana = 190 μg/L; 95% IC = 159,3 -200,1). Entre as gestantes, 57% apresentaram UIC < 150 μg/L. Conclusões: Apesar de uma maior amostragem ser necessária para a confirmação desses achados, os resultados levantam preocupação quanto à suficiência iódica nas mulheres grávidas no Brasil, principalmente diante das novas determinações governamentais brasileiras quanto à redução das concentrações de iodo no sal de cozinha para 15-45 mg/kg. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(3):282-7
The present report shows that the frequent mutations described in the thyroid hormone receptor worldwide are also present in the Brazilian population, which is characterized by a variable ethnic background.
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