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Bovine tuberculosis (BT) is an infectious disease of cattle and one of the biggest challenges facing the colossal economic loss in cattle farms, particularly in developing countries and also causing public health significance. Mortality reported due to pearl's tuberculosis and sub acute enteritis among adult cattle and young calves at Livestock Research Station, Kattuppakkam, Tamilnadu, India with good farm biosecurity measures and located in the semi-arid tropical region have been analysed. 1(14.3%), 3(42.9%) and 1(14.3%) died due to tuberculosis, sub acute enteritis and pneumonia respectively between May 2008 to December 2010. There is no specific cause of death 2 (28.6%) in adult animals. The postmortem lesions of plural adhesions, caseous and calcified tuberculos nodules in the lungs and bunch of light yellow nodules similar to the arrangements of whole maize grains over a cob on the ribs and diffuse inflammation, granules tissue formation and connective tissue proliferation along with abundance of acid fast bacilli were recorded. K e y w o r d sBovine tuberculosis, Pearl's nodules, Acid fast bacilli, Zoonoses.

Background: Estimate of length of stay is important while counseling the parents of preterm infants and also make them prepared psychologically.Methods: A retrospective study done in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Government Mohan Kumaramangalam medical college hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India between December 2017 and November 2018. All the neonates admitted during the study period formed the study group.Results: There were 3902 neonates admitted in the NICU during the study period. The mean duration of stay of neonates in the NICU during the study period was 7 days. Out of 3902 neonates in the study group, 37 (0.94%) neonates stayed less than 24 hours, 2208 (56.58%) neonates stayed for 1 to 5 days, 929 (23.8%) neonates stayed for 6 to 10 days, 668 (17.11%) neonates stayed between 11 to 30 days, 41(1.05%) neonates stayed for 31 to 60 days and 7 (0.18%) neonates stayed for more than 61 days. About 45% of neonates in the birth weight category of 1001 to 1500g stayed for 11 to 30 days. A similar trend was also observed in the analysis of length of stay of 29 to 32 weeks preterm neonates.Conclusions: Every hospital should have their own data to predict the length of stay of neonates in NICU. Future directions should include strategies in reducing the length of stay in NICU thereby optimising resources for the parents and the country.