Global challenges faced by Institutes of Technology or Polytechnics (ITP) are complex. With a particular focus on distance learning, this chapter discusses the key variables of global challenge (or threats and drivers) to ITPs and shows how these variables may be mitigated for organisational advantage. In addition, the focus of the argument is directed to an equity imbalance currently experienced in the distance learning ITP sector in New Zealand. Namely, that distance learning providers must compete under the same funding criteria as contact or face-to-face providers despite differences in learning delivery mode.