Background: Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common causes of UTIs in postoperative cases. Many risk factors are associated with its incidence. The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the related risk factors and to identify the causative agents contributing to the urinary tract infection.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 210 patients meeting the requirements of inclusion criteria during September 2012 to February 2014. Detailed history of the patients was recorded. Urine culture was done at different time intervals to identify the causative agent suggestive to CAUTI. Univariate analyses of the association of each variable with CAUTI and multivariable logistic regression were done to predict CAUTI outcome.Results: The mean age of study participants was 51.61 years. Among them 141 were males and 69 were female patients. On univariate analysis purpose for urine catheterization, place of catheterization, breach in the closed system of drainage, duration of catheterization, hemoglobin value less than 10, raised renal parameters with serum creatinine more than 1.5 were all significantly associated with development of CAUTI (p value 0.000). Sex of the patient (p value 0.279) and catheter size (p value 0.279) was not found to have a significant correlation with increased risk of CAUTI. On multivariate analysis, age, catheter size, diabetes, duration of catheterization, a breach in the closed system of catheter drainage  and sex were found to be the significant risk factors associated with CAUTI (p<0.05).Conclusion: An understanding of the risk factors in development of CAUTI, significantly helps in reducing the additional burden on the health care system. Measures such as shortening the duration of catheterization, strict control of diabetes and sterile precautions in insertion and maintenance of indwelling catheters can help in prevention CAUTI.

INTRODUCTIONSexual dysfunction is among the highly prevalent disorders in elderly men that affect their quality of life, which is also a commonly ignored aspect of healthcare. 1The main factors of sexual dysfunction are age and cardiovascular disorders. The male sexual dysfunction includes three components viz. erectile dysfunction (ED), ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD) and hypoactive desire (HD) or loss of desire or decreased desire.2 All these symptoms are commonly seen in elderly people. Until recently, it was widely assumed that symptoms of male sexual dysfunction were a natural consequence of the aging process.3 A decrease in sexual function and sexual activity is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Older individuals retain significant interest in sexuality and a large proportion of older men and women remain sexually active. Furthermore, sexuality is a factor that correlates with individual's perception of their well-being and quality of life. 4 With the development of new measures for assessing sexual function and new medications for the treatment of ED, effective management of sexual problems is now possible. Recently, the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has also been identified as a crucial risk factor for sexual dysfunction, independent of age and comorbidities. 3 Decreased rigidity and pain on ejaculation are the highly prevalent symptoms in ageing men, but are the most ABSTRACT Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/ lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients have been found to be more prevalence of sexual dysfunction than in men with no BPH/LUTS. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the BPH patient to see the correlation between BPH and sexual dysfunction. Methods: All patients who attended Urology outpatient department or admitted in Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital and Government Royapettah hospital during October 2013 to October 2014 for symptoms of BPH were enrolled for the study. Results: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with LUTS is 70%. The severity of sexual dysfunction correlates with severity of LUTS. Ejaculatory function deteriorates after treatment of LUTS/BPH. Conclusions: Though the sample size is small and the follow up is limited, it can be suggested that treatment of sexual function should be combined with management of sexual dysfunction for better patient satisfaction.