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The article considers the possibilities of using geoinformation systems for monitoring migration processes at different territorial levels. The concept of development and functioning of the system of geoinformation monitoring of migration processes in Russia is proposed. This system makes it possible to obtain, update and analyze information, provide process modeling, and develop effective management solutions. The geoinformation monitoring system is implemented on the basis of the Microsoft SQL Server relational database management system and the ESRI АгсGIS family of software products and consists of five key components: hardware, software, data, performers, and methods. The study of modern migration processes at several territorial levels — from macro-regional to local-was carried out using the geo-information monitoring system. At the macro-regional level (for example, in the South of Russia), there is a differentiation of regions by the level of migration growth and the nature of migration processes. At the regional level of monitoring, the features of internal migration processes in the Stavropol territory are considered. The migration loss zone in the province covers almost all rural areas. Migration growth of the population is typical only for large cities and their suburban areas. At the local settlement level, the geo-information monitoring system makes it possible to study such characteristics of migration processes as the ethnic and social composition of migrants, the distribution of migrants by localities, and migration links between different territories.

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The study offers an analysis of the specific features pertaining to adaptation and integration strategies of various migrant groups; the identification of issues, and ways for successful integration of migrants in the regional community. The study has been carried out based on empirical data obtained through sociological approaches in one of Russia’s southern areas — the Stavropol Region. The authors here offer their theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the key categories of socio-economic adaptation and socio-cultural integration of migrants, and identify parameters that reveal successful adaptation and integration. There are three basic migrant adaptation models proposed as well as the stages of foreign migrants’ integration. Key issues of adaptation and integration of migrants (naturalization, language integration, migrantophobia, migrant capacity of host communities) have been identified. The interpretation of the outcomes obtained from studying the Stavropol Region has allowed identifying the most relevant adaptation and integration issues along with potential measures aiming to improve the migration situation in Russia.