Retinal nerve structures are the only part of central nervous system where neurons can be observed directly, in vivo. In the recent years, advances have been made in retinal imaging. Some of this progress is due to use of optical coherence tomography scanners, common in ophthalmological clinical practice. Today, this method provides high precision in the visualization of retina, providing close to an "optical biopsy" of distinct retinal layers. Identification of biological markers that have diagnostic or therapeutic value in psychosis spectrum disorders is one of the most important tasks for current neurobiological research. Recently, new evidence for reduction of retinal structures, such as retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglionic cell thickness in schizophrenia, has emerged. In the present article, evidence on retinal thinning in schizophrenia and related disorders is summarized and discussed. However, the current evidence is conflicting, owing to both the heterogeneity of the disorder, and the methodological differences of the described studies.

Schizotypy is a construct used to describe a group of persons with symptoms which do not fulfill criteria for schizophrenia, but have some similarities with this complex and heterogeneous psychiatric disorder. ICD-10 describes schizotypy as a state (schizotypal disorder), while DSM-5 labels it as a trait marker (schizotypal personality disorder). Considering how schizotypy encompasses through the normal, subclinical and clinical population, a thorough theoretical understanding of this concept could be helpful in developing measures of assessment. So far, most of the tools for psychometric evaluation of schizotypy have focused only on abnormal personality. The present article focuses on the evolution of the term schizotypy, its current understanding, the possibilities of psychometric assessment in relation to contemporary constructs of personality and on clinical considerations for improved detection and intervention in this field.

Uvod. Pad koncetracije serumskog natrijuma <135mmol/l se uočava kod određenog broja psihijatrijskih pacijenata, a dva najčešća uzroka su u domenu psihopatologije (polidipsija) ili u vezi sa psihofarmakoterapijom (neželjeni efekti pojedinih antidepresiva, antikonvulziva ili antipsihotika). Ovaj važan klinički fenomen može ostati neprepoznat jer simptomi nisu dovoljno specifični i mogu se pripisati psihijatrijskom poremećaju.Cilj. Analiza učestalosti hiponatremije kod pacijenata starosti 50 godina i više, koji su bili hospitalizovani na Klini-Engrami · vol. 41 · jul-decembar 2019. · br. 2 113 PRIKAZI SLUČAJEVA Slučaj 1. Pacijentkinja starosti 66 godina, udata, srednje stručne spreme, u penziji lečila se psihijatrijski unazad dve Engrami · vol. 41 · jul-decembar 2019. · br. 2 117 Engrami · vol. 41 · jul-decembar 2019. · br. 2 121

No abstract

Odgovor na pitanja da li je kreativnost u mladosti povezana sa težim mentalnim poremećajima odraslog doba i koliko je veći rizik za major psihijatrijske teškoće među onima koji su u mladosti skloni umetničkim profesijama traži se vekovima. Analizom velike, metodološki pažljivo prečišćene kohorte Švedske populacije, stekli su se uslovi da se poslednjih godina obavi nekoliko jedinstvenih epidemioloških studija na date teme. U aktuelnom osvrtu biće ukratko prikazane metode i rezultati analiza ove nacionalne kohorte na temu kreativnosti i mentalnih poremećaja koja, iako nije idealna i univerzalna, ipak za sada daje jedinstven pregled teme iz epidemiološkog ugla.