This paper focuses on the design of a hyper redundant snake robot inspired from a real biological snake. Snakes have unique capabilities for moving on a wide range of terrain. The snake robot, rather than wheeled and legged mobile mechanisms, offers high stability. The paper presents a design of a snake robot that possesses the ability to map and navigate in its surroundings and also to find the possibility of human life. The snake robot is designed using sensors such as Ultrasonic sensors, PIR sensor and is designed to a moderate size segments so that easy locomotion is possible. The most effective movement pattern, flexible locomotion gaits such as sidewinding, crawling, plunging and leaping can be implemented on a snake robot. The snake robot can be used for many applications such as search and rescue operations in collapsed structure and inspection of tightly packed space that people and conventional machinery cannot access. To make the snake robot work or function like a real biological snake, it is constructed using many joints that enables the robot to have various degrees of bends, and gives the robot ability to be flexible enough to reach or approach different terrains. This ability of snake robot enables it to move around in complex environments.

Navigation and mapping are the two integrated system for an intelligent robotic unit. The "Optimized mapping and navigation of remote area through an autonomous robot" comprises of two parts, the primary unit is a four wheeled robot which is a fully automated system and the secondary unit is a user interface system developed on the JAVA platform. The developments of these units are made keeping in mind the robust requirements in different field. The robot is a fully autonomous unit, i.e. it does not require any assistance from the environment or human interaction. Proximity sensors calibrated onto the robot are used for obstacle detection process in its path. A cross reference process using mobile phone is also integrated in this project. The robot is self sustained with algorithm to avoid any object which would lie in its path while manoeuvring across the arena. The major gist of the project is that the robot develops its own virtual grid onto the arena and hence position and align itself to it. The complete robotic unit works on this virtual grid removing necessity for any external elements to be used as a reference or support for its navigation or positioning. The secondary unit, the Graphical User Interface, developed covers all possible grounds for interaction with the user. The GUI also supports the facility of storing data onto the database for future reference or resource storing. The communication link between the two is developed by an ISP band using zigbee communication; the units are more facilitated using real time based data transfer between the two in a secure private network. This project would also demonstrate an innovative idea by using android mobile for localization and positioning of the robot.