<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tennis elbow is one of most common conditions found in athletes involved in upper limb sports. It has been reported that local injection of autologous blood in tennis elbow offers significant benefit by providing the necessary cellular and humoral mediators to induce a healing cascade. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of autologous blood injection in the treatment of tennis elbow.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 30 consecutive patients involved in upper limb sports and suffering from tennis elbow for more than 3 months duration not responsive to oral medication or other non-invasive treatment were given local injection of 2 ml autologous blood. Patients were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and Nirschl scores before giving injection and at 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks also at 6 and 9 months, repeat injection was given at 8 weeks if pain persisted.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> After Autologous blood injection (ABI) at 4 weeks there is significant (P <0.001) decrease in VAS pain score and Nirschl score. Though VAS pain score and Nirschl stage continued to improve after 8 weeks, but statistically not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Autologous blood injection significantly improved clinical function and pain scores in patients with chronic tennis elbow who had previously undergone unsuccessful non-invasive treatment.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
INTRODUCTIONThe human forearm is adapted more for mobility than stability, it serves an important role in upper extremity function, facilitating placement of the hand in space thus helping to provide the upper extremity with its unique mobility. The presence of the proximal and distal radioulnar joints allows pronation, supination and such movements are important to all in the usual activities of daily living. Moreover, the forearm serves as the origin for muscles for inserting on the hand. Therefore, fractures involving the bones of the forearm present unique problems not encountered with fractures of other long bones and may significantly affect the function of the upper limb.Forearm fractures are as important as articular fractures as slight deviations in the spatial orientation of the radius and ulna will decrease the forearms rotational amplitude and thereby impair the positioning and function of the hand.2 Thus the management of these fractures and their associated injuries deserve special attention, imperfect treatment of fractures of the radius and ulna diaphyses leads to a loss of motion as well as muscle imbalance and poor hand function. Mechanism of injury is blunt trauma ABSTRACT Background: Fractures involving the bones of the forearm present unique problems not encountered with fractures of other long bones and may significantly affect the function of the upper limb. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the functional outcome of patients treated with interlock nailing in the fracture forearm bones. Methods: Thirty two patients included after their consent. With the patient supine on a radiolucent table, and under general or regional anesthesia the extremity was prepared and the surgery was performed using a standard procedure. If secure rigid fixation is achieved forearm POP splint is applied and kept in place for 2 weeks, thereafter a removable sugar-tong orthosis is worn until bridging callus is present, and the orthosis is removed frequently for exercise. Results: The average age of the patients was 38.90 years. The major mode of injury was RTA (59.09%) followed by assault (36.36%). 41% of patients were operated within week of injury, only three patients were operated after a week and one patient after 3 weeks. More than half of patients had closed fractures and rest was open fractures, of which Gustilo Anderson type II were in majority. In 3/5 of patients locking at nondriving end was not done cause of stable fixation. There was statistically significant difference in the surgical time (P <0.05) and duration of postoperative immobilization differed statistically significantly (P <0.001) between the group of patients in whom locking was done and not done. Conclusions: Advantages of Interlocking nail are high rate of bony consolidation along with minimized surgical approaches, cosmetically better suited and little risk of refracture after removal of the implant.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The Milch and Spaso methods are used for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation of the shoulder. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of these two methods<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Sixty patients with anterior glenohumeral dislocation were included in this study. 30 patients were reduced by each of the 2 methods and the efficacy and the pain experienced by the patient was studied.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Both methods were found to be equally efficacious. The pain felt by the patient was lower in the Milch method but this was not statistically significant<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Both the Milch and the Spaso methods are equally effective methods for reduction of anterior dislocation of the shoulder<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
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