Introduction of Sn into heteropoly silicate led to generate Lewis acidity. Conversion of carbohydrates to EMF requires both Brønsted and Lewis acidity to yield more EMF. The activity increased with increase in Lewis acidity of the Sn0.75STA/SBA-15 catalysts.

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Sustainable activated carbons (ACs) with high specific surface areas were successfully prepared from Termanalia arjuna (TA) biomass using H3PO4 as activating agent in a simple two‐step activation‐carbonization procedure. The effects of the synthesis parameters on their CO2 capture ability were also examined. The ratio of biomass to activating agent mass was 1:3, and the carbonization at 800 °C for 4 h exhibited a great potential for CO2 uptake. Maximum CO2 uptake was achieved under ambient conditions. Recyclability up to five cycles with marginal change could be achieved. The high performance of CO2 adsorption capacity is due to better microporosity and the presence of basic oxygen functional groups on the carbon surfaces.