The career aspirations of doctors who qualified from a UK medical school were examined in relation to firmness of career choice and marital and family circumstances 1 year and 7 years after qualification. Although there was greater certainty of career choice amongst all doctors, the women were consistently less likely to be certain than the men. The men were more likely than the women to be married (and more likely to have children). The main differences in patterns of career choice were the greater popularity of medicine and surgery among the men and of general practice and community medicine among the women. The most plausible explanation for these differences is the different marital and family pressures experienced by men and women.

dose modification of Mawer et al23 have not encountered ototoxicity.In managing acute renal failure, we, like most renal units, believe that intensive care, early dialysis, and an aggressive approach to infection provide the basis on which improvements in survival might take place. The mortality of 25% in our series compares favourably with that found elsewhere2 5 19 and partly reflects the good survival attainable in acute renal failure from haemolytic and obstetric causes present in 76% of our cases.Our results justify the establishment of units for managing acute renal failure in tropical Africa. From our analysis of the causes it seems likely that acute renal failure is more comumon in our environment than is generally realised. The comment by Lee24 that the most important factor in recognising acute renal failure is an awareness of the clinical conditions during which it may arise remains a valid one today.We are grateful to Sister Ohene-Ampofo and her staff of the renal unit for skilled dialysis, to the doctors who referred these cases, and to Mr Eugene Kotey for secretarial help. We acknowledge the generous support of the Volta Aluminium Company Ltd and the Masonic Fraternity of Ghana in the establishment of the dialysis unit.

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This paper examines the inherent intermediary realities of design-build within a continuum of academia and practice through the presentation of a series of “in-betweens” associated with a year-long design-build studio, a mobile shelter and research station for the Sharjah Environment and Protected Areas Authority (EPAA) sited within the extreme climatic conditions of the Arabian Desert. It analyzes a set of liminal, cultural, and environmental conditions and how they defined the design process; the way in which we engaged the community; and the resulting architecture as an assessment of the studio experience from the conceptual through to the deployment of built work. The impetus for the studio was a fascination with the Empty Quarter of the Rub’ al Khali, one of the most isolated places on Earth and until recently referred to as “terra incognita”, and the intersection between the disappearing Bedouin culture and the rapidly developing and modernizing culture of the United Arab Emirates. For thousands of years, the Bedouins have traversed the Arabian deserts and are the only masters of their more than 650,000 square kilometers of ancient sands. The first foreign explorers were not able to penetrate the Quarter until 1931, with the first accurate Western maps made by Thesiger between 1946 and 1950. Since then, only a few extreme adventurers have attempted its crossing, leaving the rest of us to wonder at its edge.