Standard plate counts, psychrotrophic bacterial counts, and coliforms were determined by conventional plating techniques and by Petrifilm TM plates, a dry culture medium, for 48 commercially processed milk samples (24 whole milk and 24 skim milk). The Petrifilm SM plate counts were compared with counts on standard methods agar for the standard plate count, psychrotrophic bacterial count, and rapid psychrotrophic bacterial count. The Petrifilm violet red bile plate counts were compared with counts on violet red bile agar for coliform test with a solid medium and the preliminary incubation method for detection of coliforms. Standard plate counts were determined within 24 h of packaging and after 7, 10, and 14 d of storage at 6.1 degrees C. Psychrotrophic bacterial counts and coliform counts were determined with 24 h of packaging and after 7 d storage. There was a strong linear relationship between Petrifilm SM and standard methods agar plates (excluding counts on samples plated within 24 h of packaging) and for the psychrotrophic bacterial count method. Petrifilm SM had a weak linear relationship with Standard Methods Agar plates for the rapid psychrotrophic bacterial count. Coliform counts determined on Petrifilm violet red bile plates were generally within the same range as counts on violet red bile agar plates. The positive predictive values for the Petrifilm violet red bile plates and violet red bile agar plates were essentially the same for samples plated within 24 h of packaging.