An analysis u presented of the uses of metadatafim four aspecu of database opemtionr:(i) seamh, query, retrieval; (2) ingest, quality control processing; (3) application to application tramfeer; (4) storage, archive. Typical degrees of database finctionality, ranging from simple j l e rebicval to interdkciplinmy global query with metadatabase-user dialog and involving many distributed autonomous ahfabmes, are ranked in approximate order of increasing sophirtication of the required knowledge representation. An architecture is oullinedfor implementing such functionality in many dxerent dkciplinmy domains utilking a variety of off the shelfdatabase management subsysremr and prPcwsor sofwm, each specialized to a direrent abstmct data model. ' DlSTRlBUmON OF THIS boc;uh?klqr 1s UgLI!i -!l TED 11. Bamelt, J., 1993, Tbe Schlumbergcr Data Model: A Met. B a d Data Modeling Methodology , Available h n bamet@austin~line.slb.wml5 12. Sheth, A P. and J. A Larson 1990. Fedemled Database Managing D h i Heterogenaw, and A~~t o m m m Databws. ACMComputing Surveys, 22,183-236 13. Wa14 J.A & Sorenson. P., 1990. Explaining Ambiguity m a Formal Query Language, ACMTransactions on Database S p m , 15. Database Using a Rule-Oriented Concurrent Architcdurr. To be published Scietific V i a l i o n I l o y~~b m w m 5. Judith J. Ne-(ed). The Naming Forum: ptoctodngs of the 8. Rew,RK, & G.P.Davk.1990. NetCDF: An Interface fa Scientifc for 125-161 14. Babh, G. and C. Hsu, 1993, An Active Herogeneous D & i 15. Treinish. L A, 1993. Unifying Principles of Data Management for DECLAIMER J This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof. nor any of their .employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsi-; .,bility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or i process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

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/ A model is presented that allows testing of hypotheses concerning the effects of temperature and change in temperature on impingement. The model is evaluated using data from the Tennessee Valley Authority's Kingston Steam Plant, Watts Bar Reservoir, Tennessee, USA for two fish species impinged in large numbers in the United States: threadfin and gizzard shad, Dorosoma petenense and D. cepedianum. Hydrographic characteristics near the intake screens were mapped to help explain the possible role of hydrography in distributing fish across the screens. Understanding the role of temperature and hydrography in impingement of fish provides a basis for new intake designs that may reduce impingement and helps in the development of methods to reduce impingement at existing facilities. The temperature modeling approach and conclusions about hydrographic effects might be applied to other systems in which cold-stressed schooling fish are impinged.

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