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Background: A dynamic change in weight over time has been known as an important factor that impacts mortality risk. However, it is currently unknown how the dynamic change of body mass index (BMI) contributes to the cause-specific mortality risk.Methods: In this cohort study, we obtained data from a large prospective cohort study in Taiwan between 1998 and 2019, which was linked to National Death Registry for death information. The database accumulated 290,279 participants who were born before 1977. We excluded those who were less than 40 years old at 1998 (n=51,731), less than two waves follow-up (n=145,270), and who had ever been diagnosed at baseline with any of the following self-reported conditions: cancer, stroke (n=3392) with a final 89,886 participants.Results: This study shows that different trajectories are associated with mortality suggests that the mortality risk differs in each trajectory group and in each age and gender stratification. It appears that obesity is a protective factor in cancer-related mortality in females but not in males in the group of old age; low-normal weight is a risk factor in respiratory-related mortality in all participants.Conclusions: Our findings can be used to define the appropriate BMI in each age and gender groups and thereby earlier health interventions can be taken to avoid mortality.

Endarterectomy is an effective intervention to remove the atheromatous plaque in the inner lining of the artery, aiming to revascularize the occluded/stenosed vessel in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). The most common wound-related complication is postoperative bleeding, followed by infection, hematoma, and seroma. However, hematoma complications with air surrounded have rarely been reported in clinical cases. Case presentation: A 90-year-old female patient visited our emergency department because of a rapidly growing hematoma with pulsatile bleeding over her right groin area. She had received bilateral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with endarterectomy for PAOD one month prior. A point-of-care ultrasound revealed a large hypoechoic mass, with a dirty shadow on the right groin area. Computed tomography angiography showed a hematoma over her right femoral region, with free air surrounding the right femoral artery. Angiography revealed an irregular shaped lesion on the right femoral artery without contrast extravasation. The patient was diagnosed with right-femoral post-endarterectomy infection with infected hematoma, with the inclusion of air. She underwent urgent excision and repair of the right femoral artery infectious lesion, debridement of the infectious hematoma and stenting of the right external iliac artery, common femoral artery and superficial femoral artery.

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