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Extraction experiments with hexane were carried out at atmospheric pressure in Soxhlet, conventional and ultrasound extractions of flaked caraway seeds, and detailed results are given for two major plant extract components, carvone and limonene. The results indicate that carvone yield and plant extract quality are better in ultrasound extraction compared to those given by conventional methodology. Extraction rates of carvone and limonene reported that ultrasound-assisted extraction was 1.3-2 times more rapid, depending on temperature, than a conventional system, according to the rate constant obtained during the initial 10 minutes of extraction. Moreover, the SEM micrographs provided more evidence for the mechanical effects of ultrasound, mainly appearing on cell walls and shown by the destruction of cells, faulitating the release of their contents, in contrast to conventional maceration or extraction, which involve diffusion of plant extracts across glandular walls and causing cell rupture intensification and easier access of the solvent to the cell content. 2Studies on the ultrasound effect on the extraction of the main constituents of sage (Salvia officinalis) showed that cineole, thujone and borneol could be extracted better when sonicated with a probe system than in an ultrasonic cleaning bath and conventional extractions. 3 The use of ultrasound resulted in increased component extraction and more pure extracts in a shorter time and at lower temperatures.3,4 Moreover, a comparative study patented by Hromàdkovà et al.5 of the composition of the aqueous ethanol extract obtained from S. officinalis and valerian roots by conventional and ultrasound assisted extractions indicates more efficient extraction using the latter method.These studies reported the extracted yield and its composition but did not measure the rates and the kinetics of extraction. The system chosen was the extraction of caraway seeds (Carum carvi L.) with n-hexane. The plant extract contains carvone (50-60%), which can be used as an alternative sprout-inhibiting agent in potato storage or as a fungicide.6 Additionally, it is used for the flavouring of pharmaceutical products, toothpaste and bread. The aim of this work is to investigate what advantages can be given by the ultrasound procedure in terms of maximizing the carvone yield from the extract and

This review paper discusses opportunities for intelligent packaging for monitoring directly or indirectly quality attributes of perishable packaged foods. The possible roles of intelligent packaging as a tool in supply chain management are discussed as well as the barriers to implement this kind of technology in commercial applications. Cases on pasteurized milk and fresh cod fillets illustrate the application of different intelligent packaging concepts to monitor and estimate quality attributes. Conditions influencing quality (e.g., temperature-time) can be monitored to predict the quality of perishable products when the initial quality is known and rather constant (e.g., pasteurized milk). Products with a highly variable initial quality (e.g., fresh fish) require sensors monitoring compounds correlated with quality.