Transferrin subtypings have been performed on three population samples originating from Himachal Pradesh, North India (Pangwala, Gaddi-Bharmour valley, Gaddi-Kangra district) and on three samples from Andhra Pradesh, South India (Koya, Konda Kammara, Lambadi). Among these six populations, marked differences in the distribution of Tf phenotype and allele frequencies are present. All Indian samples differ clearly from the hitherto reported Tf^C1 and Tf^C2 allele frequencies. In one of our Indian samples, the Pangwala, the most likely existence of a new Tf subtype variant (Tf Pangwala) could be demonstrated.

Different approaches employed in this study give support to the hypothesis of different origin and/or demographic story for the three Vysya groups compared with other populations of Andhra Pradesh.

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A total of nearly 300 persons belonging to the Savara and Jatapu tribes in the Srikakulum District of northern Andhra Pradesh have been tested for electrophoretic variation in 13 red cell enzyme systems, and also haemoglobin. The gene frequencies for the systems showing variation are within the range for other South Indian populations, and there are no significant differences between the two tribal groups investigated in this report except in the case of adenylate kinase. The Jatapu (along with the Kadar of Kerala) have the highest frequency of AK¹ so far reported in India. Both the Savara and Jatapu showed a low frequency for Hb AS, and LDH-Calcutta 1 was not detected in either population.