Identyfikacja i analiza ilooeciowa substancji o charakterze fenolowym naturalnie wystêpuj¹cych w drewnie wybranych gatunków drzew europejskich i egzotycznychIdentification and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds naturally occuring in wood of selected European and exotic tree species During the analysis, 47 different organic substances existing in all kinds of wood were found and 38 of them was able to identify as phenolic compounds using scientifically known formula's patterns. The best known were for e.g.: furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furanon, cyclohexanone, eugenol, vanillin, vanilic acid, resorcinol, pyrogallol, etc. Moreover, 16 substances were identified existing only in wood of chosen tree species like Norway maple, iroko, European ash, yatoba, common aspen, crack willow, ipe, wenge and Scots pine. Then quantity analysis of all 47 'universal' (it means -existing in wood of every species) substances were made. As the result quantities of every phenolic compounds in wood of every tree species were determined. The research showed that wood of every tree species has its own, individual 'mixture' of organic substances existing in specific proportions. Total quantity of phenolic compounds was strongly correlated with wood's density. Similar connections were found for 22 organic substances existing in the wood including 17 identified phenolic compounds.Some of these substances are suspected to be responsible for natural wood resistance against destroying fungi so they could be useful in future for practical protection of trees in forestry and industry.

Ocena zależności między występowaniem w drewnie substancji o charakterze fenolowym a jego rozkładem przez wybrane gatunki grzybów saprotroficznych i pasożytniczych

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Wp³yw iniekcji wybranych substancji fenolowych do pni ¿ywych drzew na rozk³ad drewna powodowany przez grzybyThe influence of phenolic compounds injections to the stems of living trees on wood decay caused by fungi Abstract. In this paper results of an experiment with artificial application of some phenolic compounds to the stems of living trees are shown. It was made to increase natural wood resistance against fungi responsible for its decay. 35 young oak-trees growing in the stands from central Poland were chosen. First, they were carefully measured and their average masses were calculated. Then they were divided on seven groups, each one consisting of 5 trees. Five of these groups were treated with chosen phenolic compounds: eugenol, isoeugenol, resorcinol, pyrogallol and 2-furaldehyde. The sixth group was treated only with water and the last one was a control group (without any treatment). Phenolic compounds and water were applied directly to the stems using hydrostatic injections. The application was made three times in 7-day period. Seven days after the last treatment all 35 trees were cut down and collected wood samples were measured, dried and weighted. Then, the samples were exposed on the mycelium of two testing fungus species: Laetiporus sulphureus and Trametes versicolor. After 30 and 60 days wood samples were put out, dried and weighted once again. Then the loss of their mass was calculated. The experiment showed that wood collected from trees treated only with water and from control trees (without any injections) was decayed much faster than wood collected from trees injected with every of 5 tested phenolic compounds.The experiment showed that phenolic compounds play an important role in natural wood protection against fungi causing huge damages to trees. They are able to be applied straightly to the stems and protect them 'from inside'.