The expansion of urban areas around the world and the application of the sustainability paradigm to tourism discourses has favored an increase in the number of people visiting natural protected areas (NPAs) in their leisure time. While tourism is desired to boost the economy of destinations, mismanagement can bring negative consequences for social–ecological systems, particularly in post-conflict rural scenarios. In the context of a broader ethnographic research, we analyzed the perceptions of the local population about tourism development in the NPA Jaltepeque Estuary (El Salvador, Central America) and the establishment of a Biosphere Reserve in the area, using structured questionnaires and Multiple Correspondence Analysis for the typification of social actors. We found that overall, the population regards positively the development of tourism in the area. Fishermen are the only ones who highlight the negative economic consequences of tourism development, claiming disparity in the distribution of benefits and an increase in the cost of living. We conclude that although tourism development is an activity desired by local people, there is a need in the community to discuss how this process of socio-economic transformation should be approached and an evident conflict between two different models: the one desired and offered by the population and the one that is currently being developed in the nearby Costa del Sol corridor.

Notas de investigación El análisis de la imagen proyectada: una propuesta para la normalización de folletos y web turísticas

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Poco a poco el debate medioambiental parece empezar reconocer la importancia de los efectos de nuestra manera de pensar y actuar sobre el entorno y sobre nuestras propias vidas. El estudio esta problemática siempre ha requerido, y particularmente requiere en la actualidad, una perspectiva sociocultural. En este trabajo se realiza un acercamiento a diversas perspectivas teóricas que inciden en la relación dialéctica entre los procesos sociales y el medioambiente, con la intención de hacer hincapié en la necesidad de una interpretación sistémica de los problemas ambientales en la que los criterios de acción y funcionamiento se evalúen a partir de las ventajas e inconvenientes ecológicos, sociales, y culturales. Para resolver esta ecuación se vuelve indispensable un enfoque multidisciplinar que supere las visiones parciales de la realidad.

According to the European Landscape Convention, landscapes are how populations perceive and identify their territory. The evaluation of these landscapes and their preservation processes depends on a complex interaction of economic, socio‐demographic and cultural variables. In this paper, we present the results of a quantitative and qualitative study on the influences that gender, place of birth, occupation, income, level of education and proximity of residence to a protected environmental area have on people's evaluation of the process to declare a national park on the island of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands). The results show that the degree and type of involvement with the territory are the most significant variables related to the evaluation of such a process. These variables are essential to consider when reaching agreements with different groups of stakeholders in ‘step zero’ of the declaration of a protected area. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment