In Chile, 49.1% of the national territory is affected by soil degradation (including erosion and loss of soil organic matter), whereby of the 51.7 Mha that have been historically associated with agricultural-livestock and forestry activities, only 35.5 Mha are being used at the present. Consequently, soil degradation has resulted in the release of about 11.8 Gg yr−1 of carbon (C) equivalent (CO2eq) to the atmosphere. Silvopastoral systems (SPS), however, can increase soil organic C (SOC) through sequestration (C→SOC), improve ecosystem services, and have been internationally recommended for sustainable land use. Therefore, it was proposed to determine the effects of SPS on soils, over five years, in degraded sites that were located in the Ranchillo Alto (SPS-RA) (37°04′52″ S, 71°39′14″ W), Ñuble region. The sites were rated according to previous canopy disturbance levels (+) as follows: open (Op)+++, semi open (SOp)++, and semi closed (SC)+. The analysis was performed on different physical and chemical soil properties (0–5 and 5–20 cm depths), that were expressed as soil indicators (SIND) for chemical and physical properties, which were used to calculate a soil quality (SQ) index (SQI). The results indicated overall SQI values of 37.6 (SC) > 29.8 (Op) > 28.8 (SOp), but there were no significant variations (p < 0.05) in physical SQ, whereas chemical SQ varied in all conditions, mostly at 0–5 cm in Op and SOp. Increases of SOC were also observed (2015–2018 period) of 22.5, 14.5, and 4.8 Mg ha−1 for SOp, Op, and SC, respectively, showing that SPS promote the reclamation of Ranchillo Alto soils.

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It is described the experience of a therapeutic garden project located in the vicinity of the Psychiatry Service of the Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital (HGGB) in Concepción, Chile, led by the Non-Governmental Organization Rebrota (ONG Rebrota) based on the ecosocial perspective applied in people with mental health needs. It aims to analyze this Eco-social Occupational Therapy experience as a practical tool for the transformation of territories, allowing occupational therapists to understand the interaction between society and nature as a socio-ecological process that impacts different spheres of human beings, especially in social participation and mental health. Using the descriptive methodology of the Eco-social Entrepreneurship Process Model, we carry out a practical orientation of actions so that communities, inserted in their natural and cultural environments, can discover themselves reflexively, generating collective health processes. Eco-social Occupational Therapy develops practices that improve health and promotes the well-being of individuals, groups and/or communities, generating a positive impact on socio-ecosystems and building healthier, more inclusive, and sustainable communities. Eco-social Occupational Therapy is an invitation to generate research-action projects to mitigate the social impact on nature in a context of the climate crisis, where we find communities in the genesis of transcultural knowledge that allows us to develop a transformative praxis for good living in tune with our environment; while improving their well-being and participation, from a human rights and occupational justice perspectives.

Resumen Se describe la experiencia de un proyecto de huerta terapéutica ubicada en las inmediaciones del Servicio de psiquiatría del Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente (HGGB) de Concepción, Chile, liderada por la Organización No Gubernamental Rebrota (ONG Rebrota) en base a la perspectiva eco-social aplicada en personas con necesidades de salud mental. Se objetiva analizar la experiencia de Terapia Ocupacional Ecosocial como herramienta práctica para la transformación de los territorios, permitiendo a los terapeutas ocupacionales comprender la interacción entre la sociedad y la naturaleza como un proceso socioecológico que impacta en diferentes esferas de los seres humanos, especialmente en la participación social y la salud mental. Utilizando la metodología descriptiva del Modelo Procesal de Emprendimiento Eco-social realizamos una orientación práctica de acciones para que las comunidades, insertas en sus entornos naturales y culturales, logren descubrirse reflexivamente generando procesos de salud colectiva. La Terapia Ocupacional Ecosocial desarrolla praxis que mejoran la salud y promueven el bienestar de las personas, grupos y/o comunidades, generando un impacto positivo en los socio-ecosistemas y construyen comunidades más saludables, inclusivas, sostenibles. La Terapia Ocupacional Ecosocial es una invitación a generar proyectos de investigación-acción para mitigar el impacto social sobre la naturaleza en un contexto de crisis climática, donde encontramos comunidades en la génesis de saberes transculturales que nos permitan desarrollar una praxis transformadora para el buen vivir en sintonía con nuestro entorno; mientras mejoran su bienestar y participación, desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos y justicia ocupacional.