Nowadays it is quite common for universities to use computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) systems to favor group learning and teaching processes. CSCL systems provide communication, coordination and collaboration tools that ease group dynamic regardless space-time location of group members. However, forming a group and having the technology to support group tasks is not enough to guarantee students collaboration. Effective collaboration supposes the manifestation of specific roles by group members. Considering that group roles are conditioned (among other factors) by collaborative skills that students manifest, this article explores relations between collaborative skills and group roles by means of the application of association rules over a dataset of university students' interactions during CSCL sessions. The discovered knowledge might be used for automatic recognition of student roles based on collaborative skills that students manifest in their groups. Furthermore, the discovered association rules could be used for forming groups with a balanced combination of roles.
Computer-SupportedCollaborative Learning (CSCL) systems not only enable group learning independently of students' location and time, but also foster the development of leadership abilities. However, given that interactions that promote learning do not occur spontaneously, the participation of tutors is needed to promote students' interactions and resolve group conflicts. Even when the tasks of a teacher in a virtual environment are not an extension of their tasks in traditional classrooms, teachers tend to use in e-learning contexts the same practices they use in traditional education. Considering that the skills of an e-tutor in CSCL belong to the category of acquired skills, we propose to develop an application aiming at training etutors in these skills. With this purpose in mind, we reviewed existing automatic techniques for analyzing student-teachers' interactions, as well as teachers' roles, activities and competences in the context of CSCL. We present in this article a review of the state of the arte in these areas. I. INTRODUCCIÓNSurgidos en la década de 1990, los sistemas de ACSC no sólo permiten a los alumnos formar grupos de estudio con personas ubicadas en cualquier punto del planeta, sino que también los estudiantes pueden contribuir al proceso de aprendizaje grupal en cualquier momento del día o la noche. El carácter global de los grupos colaborativos online enriquece la generación de ideas, puesto que los estudiantes se ven expuestos a opiniones, creencias, experiencias y procesos de pensamiento de personas de diferentes localizaciones geográficas [1]. Por otro lado, el proceso de comunicación e interacción social entre estudiantes es un ambiente propicio para el desarrollo de habilidades que son parte fundamental de todo líder exitoso, entre ellas: solución de problemas, pensamiento crítico, mayor retención, establecimiento de metas, interpretación, y análisisEl ACSC permite que el aprendizaje grupal tenga lugar en ambientes mediados por computadora pero, para sacarle el máximo provecho al aprendizaje social los estudiantes colaborativos deben interactuar entre sí, compartir información y coordinar sus acciones [5]. Desafortunadamente, algunas investigaciones han demostrado que la dispersión y la tecnología contribuyen a la existencia de barreras en la interacción entre estudiantes. Concretamente, los miembros de grupos colaborativos mediados por computadora tienden a experimentar un lento desarrollo de la confianza, cohesión, eficacia y cognición compartida [5]. Lo cual es problemático dado que la interacción entre estudiantes es esencial para la adquisición de conocimiento y para acceder a experiencias educativas de alta calidad [5] [6] [3].Considerando que el organizar a los estudiantes en grupos no garantiza la interacción ni participación de los mismos aunque la tecnología lo posibilite [7], se necesita de la intervención de los docentes para promover interacciones que conduzcan a la construcción colaborativa de conocimiento [5]. La enseñanza en e-learning no es tan simple como digitalizar doc...
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